Sarcoidosis Flashcards
1
Q
Define Sarcoidosis
A
A multisystem disease, of UNKNOWN cause, affecting young adults, characterized by NON-CASEATING granulomas
(which means no necrosis inside granuloma)
2
Q
Sarcoidosis: histo(3)
A
Non-caseating granulomas
Schaumann & asteroid bodies
3
Q
Characteristics of Sarcoidosis (3)
A
F>M
More severe in afro-carribeans
LUNG most commmonly involved usually detected on routing CxR (bilate hilar lymphadenopaty)
pulmonary infiltrates - fine nodular shadowing in mid zones
4
Q
Presentation of Sarcoidosis (usually) (4)
A
seek help due to insidious
SOB
chest pain
night sweats cough
5
Q
Extra pulmonary manifestations of Sarcoidosis (10)
A
- Skin - erythema nodosum, lupus pernio, skin nodules
- LNs - lymphadenopathy - painless + rubbery
- Joints - arthritis, bone cysts
- Eyes - anterior uveitis (misting of vision and painful red eye) post uveitis (profressive loss of vision). UVEOPAROTID FEVER - bilat uveitis, parotid enlargement +/- facial nerve palsy
- Liver - hepatitis, cirrhosis, Hepatosplenomegaly
- Leukopenia/ anaemia
- Hypercalcaemia - renal calculi
- Myocardial involvment - cardiomyopathy, arrythmias
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca + lacrimal gland enlargement
6
Q
Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
A
EXCLUSION
Ix:
- raised Ca (vit D hydroxylation by activated macrophages - these granulomas act as hydroxylation factories)
- ESR, hypergammaglobulinaemia
- ACE - abnormalities of capillaries (where ACE is made) transbronchial biopsy
