SB full exam document

Question 1

Pathology of Paget’s disease

Answer 1

Abnormal osteoclast activity followed by increased osteoblast activity

Question 2

Which bone tumours are you predisposed to if you have Paget’s

Answer 2

Fibrosarcoma

Osteosarcoma

Question 3

Difference between osteoporosis and severe osteoporosis

Answer 3

Osteoporosis = BMD > 2.5 SD below young adult mean 
Severe = Same as above but with a fragility fracture

Question 4

Which skin cancer is HPV a risk factor for

Answer 4

Squamous Cell

Question 5

What medication can be given for acne vulgaris in women

Answer 5

Oral contraceptive pill

Question 6

Name 2 oral tetracyclines that can be given in Acne vulgaris and the alternative in the case of a penicillin allergy

Answer 6

Doxycycline/ Lymecycline

Erythromycin if allergic

Question 7

If someone is pregnant, what can be given for severe acne vulgaris instead of Oral Isotretinoin

Answer 7

Co-Cyprindiol

Question 8

What metabolite builds up in PCT

Answer 8

Uroporphyrinogen III

Question 9

What metabolite builds up in erythropoietic protoporphyria

Answer 9

Protoporphyrin IX

Question 10

What metabolite builds up in acute intermittent porphyria

Answer 10

Porphobilinogen (PBG)

Question 11

Which antibiotics are given for cellulitis in someone with a penicillin allergy?

Answer 11

Clindamycin -> Staph

Calrithyromycin -> Strep

Question 12

What is osteopetrosis

Answer 12

Irregular increase in bone density

Question 13

How are endometrial polyps treated

Answer 13

Myomectomy

Question 14

Treatment for DKA

Answer 14

0.9% saline
50units Actrapid
Dextrose 10% once blood sugar is 15

Question 15

Treatment for Hypoglycaemia

Answer 15

if able, 10-20g of glucose or glucose gel
If unconscious, 10% 150mls glucose
If no IV, give 1mg IM glucagon

Question 16

What must GFR be to contraindicate Metformin

Answer 16

<30

Question 17

What must be given with folate antagonists and name 2

Answer 17

Methotrexate, Trimethoprim 
Folic acid (5mg) supplements

Question 18

Why should tetracyclines not be used in children

Answer 18

Risk of teeth discolouration and dental hypoplasia

Question 19

Describe the full Centor Criteria

Answer 19

Tonsillar exudate
Fever
Tender anterior lymphadenopathy
Absence of a cough

Add 1 if <15 years old
Take away 1 if >44 years old

Question 20

Acute complications of Bacterial tonsillitis

Answer 20

Scarlet fever
Quinsy
Otitis media

Question 21

Late complications of Bacterial Tonsillitis

Answer 21

Rheumatic fever

Glomerulonephritis

Question 22

Which virus presents very similarly to EBV and how can they be differentiated

Answer 22

CBV (Coxsackie B Virus)

EBV has heterophile antibodies

Question 23

What should be used instead of Chloramphenicol in a pregnant woman

Answer 23

Fusidic acid

Question 24

Treatment for endophthalmitis

Answer 24

Intra-vitreal Amikacin + Vancomycin

Question 25

Which eye infection can form granules which cause blindness and what is the investigation

Answer 25

Toxocara - Serology

Question 26

2 treatment options for bacterial keratitis

Answer 26

Ofloxacin | Gentamicin + Cefuroxime

Question 27

Which tests show a tropia and a phoria

Answer 27

``` Cover test -> tropia Cross cover (breaking fusion) test -> phoria ```

Question 28

Obese female in her 40's presents with diplopia and papilloedema -->

Answer 28

Suspect CN VI palsy

Question 29

Patients presents with painless loss of vision which returns in 5 mins, diagnosis + management

Answer 29

Amaurosis Fugax | Refer to TIA clinic

Question 30

Which virus is associated with penis cancer

Answer 30

HPV 16

Question 31

Name a testicular tumour marker that is seen in a Seminoma and one which is not seen in a Seminoma

Answer 31

PLAP --> seminoma | AFP not seen in seminoma

Question 32

Triad of Prostatism

Answer 32

Hesitancy Poor flow Overflow incontinence

Question 33

Which treatment is a seminoma sensitive to

Answer 33

Radiotherapy

Question 34

What would a pepper pot appearance in the skull suggest

Answer 34

Multiple myeloma