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From Flashcardlet > science:( > Flashcards

science:( Flashcards

0
Q

Houses the genetic material and controls cellular functions

A

Nucleus

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1
Q

Encloses the cell

A

Cell membrane

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2
Q

Fills out the cell

A

Cytoplasm

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3
Q

Allows certain substances to pass through it and excludes other substances

A

Selectively permeable

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4
Q

Cell membrane is composed mainly of a double layer of

A

Phospholipid molecules

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5
Q

What is embedded in the bilayers?

A

Protein molecules

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6
Q

Gel-like material in which organelles are suspended

A

Cytoplasm

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7
Q

Makes up most of the cells volume

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

The cytoplasm includes protein rods and tubules that form the

A

Cytoskeleton

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9
Q

Frame work of the cell

A

Cytoskeleton

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10
Q

The organelle that transports materials from one part of the cytoplasm to another

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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11
Q

Are responsible for protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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12
Q

All ribosomes are composed of

A

Protein and RNA molecules

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13
Q

Involved in the packaging of proteins for secretion outside the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

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14
Q

The process of packaging proteins for secretion outside the cell

A

Exocytosis

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15
Q

Garbage disposals of the cell

A

Lysosomes

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16
Q

What do enzymes of the lysosomes do?

A

Digest bacteria and damaged cell parts

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17
Q

Rods of protein that form the cytoskeleton and provide for cell movement

A

Microfilaments

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18
Q

What is used in locomotion?

A

Cilia and flagella

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19
Q

Located on the surface of epithelial cells

A

Cilia

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20
Q

Where are cilia located?

A

On the surface of epithelial cells

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21
Q

Hairlike projections and move in a wavelike motion

A

Cilia

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22
Q

How do cilia move

A

Wavelike motion

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23
Q

Usually singular projections that act as a tail

A

Flagella

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24
Q

Membranous sacs formed by part of the cell membrane folding inward and pinching off

A

Vesicles

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25
Q

Contain various substances that recently entered the cell

A

Vesicle

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26
Q

Houses genetic material which directs all cell activity

A

Nucleus

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27
Q

Genetic material

A

DNA

28
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A

Directs all cell activity

29
Q

The nucleus contains a fluid called

A

Nucleoplasm

30
Q

Composed largely of RNA and protein

A

Nucleolus

31
Q

Ribosomes are formed here

A

Nucleolus

32
Q

Consists of loosely coiled fibers of DNA and protein that condense to for chromosomes

A

Chromatin

33
Q

Loosely coiled fibers of DNA and protein condense to form

A

Chromosomes

34
Q

The nucleus is enclosed in in a

A

Nuclear envelope

35
Q

The movement of materials from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

Diffusion

36
Q

The difference in concentration is called

A

Concentration gradient

37
Q

When the molecules become uniformly distributed then what occurs?

A

Equilibrium

38
Q

When energy is required for movement it is called an

A

Active mechanism

39
Q

When no energy is required for movement it is called a

A

Passive mechanism

40
Q

Substances that are not able to to pass through the lipid bilayer need help of membrane proteins in a process called

A

Facilitated diffusion

41
Q

Non soluble materials are moved by a

A

Carrier molecule

42
Q

Special case of diffusion

A

Osmosis

43
Q

Where water moves across a semipermeable membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration

A

Osmosis

44
Q

Any fluid that has the same osmotic pressure as body fluid is called

A

Isotonic

45
Q

The osmotic pressure of fluids inside and outside the cell is

A

The Same

46
Q

Solutions with a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids are called

A

Hypertonic

47
Q

If the solution is hypertonic what will happen?

A

Water will move out of a cell into the surrounding solution and cells will shrink

48
Q

Solutions with a lower osmotic pressure than body fluids

A

Hypotonic

49
Q

If cells are out in a hypotonic solution what will happen

A

Water will move into the cell causing it to swell

50
Q

Process that Will force molecules through membranes

A

Filtration

51
Q

Commonly used to separate solids from water

A

Filtration

52
Q

Making coffee using the drip method is an ex. Of

A

Filtration

53
Q

The process that uses energy to move particles from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration is called

A

Active transport

54
Q

Carrier molecules are used in

A

Active transport

55
Q

Moves particles into the cell using a vessel

A

Endocytosis

56
Q

Endocytosis is used when particles are

A

Too large

57
Q

Exocytosis is used when particles are

A

Too small

58
Q

When cells take in large liquid molecules it is called

A

Pinocytosis

59
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Cell drinking

60
Q

When cells take in large molecules of solids it is called

A

phagocytosis

61
Q

phagocytosis

A

Cell eating

62
Q

What happens after a particle has been phagocytized into a cell

A

A lysosome attaches to it and releases digestive enzymes and decomposes it

63
Q

Before a cell divides it must

A

Grow and duplicate much of its contents to prepare for cell division

64
Q

Period of preparedness

A

Interphase

65
Q

The division of the nucleus of the cell

A

Mitosis

66
Q

The division of the cytoplasm

A

Cytokinesis

67
Q

The process by which cells develop unique characteristics in structure and function

A

Differentiation

68
Q

Cell cycle

A 
Interphase 
Prophase
Metaphase 
Anaphase
Telophase 
Differentiation

From Flashcardlet (51 decks)

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