Section 3 - Basic And Applied Sciences And Nutritional Concepts Flashcards
(39 cards)
Define mitochondrion
A cellular structure that uses nutrients to create for the cell
Define organelle
A cellular structure that performs specific functions within a cell
Define neuron
A specialized sell that is the functional unit of the nervous system
Define nucleus
A cellular structure that contains the majority of the cell’s genetic material
Define neurocircuitry
The interconnection of neurons in the brain and spinal cord
Define muscle spindle
A sensory receptor sensitive to changes in muscular length and the rate of that change
Define Golgi tendon organ
A sensory receptor sensitive to changes in muscular tension and the rate of that change
Define neuroplasticity
The concept that the brain will continually change or grow, reforming neural pathways
Define joint
The site where two bones meet and movement occurs due to muscle contraction
Define osteoclasts
Special cells that break down and remove old bone tissue
Define osteoblasts
Special cells that form and lay down new bone tissue
Define levers
Rigid rods (usually a long bone) where muscles attach
Describe lumbar spine
Composed of the largest segments in the spinal column
Describe thoracic spine
Composed of 12 vertebrae located in the upper and middle back
Describe cervical spine
Forms a flexible framework and provides support and motion for the head
Describe coccyx
Composed of 3-5 small, fused bones
Describe sacrum
Composed of five vertebrae that fuse together as the body develops
What’s osteokinematics
Bone movement
What’re the most common joints in the human body
Synovial joints
What’re the most common joints in the human body
Synovial joints
Which joint allows movement predominantly in one direction (uniaxial)
Hinge joint
Which joint type allows movement in all three directions
Ball-and-socket joint
Which joint type is found only in the metacarpal joint in the thumb
Saddle joint
Which joint type has the simplest movement of all joints
Gliding joint
