Session 7 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is discourse?
Words uttered & words thought, verbal components.
What is narrator’s discourse?
Words uttered & words thought, verbal components by the narrator. What the narrator includes, what they present, what order they present in, etc.
What is character’s discourse?
Words uttered & words thought, verbal components by characters.
What is a patchwork structure?
Changes within a text. Fragmented, multiple perspectives/ways of story telling. Ex: newsclippings, poems.
What is the basic structure of discourse?
Character’s discourse is embedded within narrator’s discourse.
What is an inquit-formula/tag?
Act of speech, thought, or perception.
What does verba dicendi refer to?
Speech.
What does verba cogitandi & peripiendi refer to?
Thoughts, feelings, and perception (realizations).
What is Direct Discourse?
Verbatim rendering of speech/thought (tagged and untagged).
What is Indirect Discourse?
3rd person - summarizes, interprets, grammatically straightens the character’s language; main function = compression. “What should I do?”, wondered Mary. –> Mary wondered what she should do.
What is Free Indirect Discourse?
Hybrid: direct (emotion, wording) and indirect speech (tense & pronouns), 3rd person, deixis retained but transposed, often untagged but not always.
What is deixis?
Temporal/spatial relations to the speaker.
What does transposed mean?
It changes. ‘Here’ becomes ‘there’, ‘now’ becomes ‘then’, etc.
What is Stream of Consciousness?
Modern, imitates the workings of the mind, untagged, 1st person, gives the impression of raw experience.
What is Authorial Narrative Situation?
“Form: extradiegetic, 3rd person; Format: overt; omniscient; reliable narrator; Focalisation: external perspective, ‘godlike’, no Focaliser; View: both inside and outside view possible; Mode: changes between telling and showing; mode of telling dominant.”
What is First Person Narration?
“Form: autodiegetic; 1st person; Format: Overt; I-as-narrator has superior knowledge vis-à-vis characters; generally: limited knowledge; both reliability and unreliability possible; Focalisation: external (when focus on I-as-narrator, erzählendes Ich); internal possible (when focus on limited viewpoint of I-as-character, erlebendes Ich); View: Both inside (mostly of narrator-character) and outside view (of other characters) possible; Mode: changes between telling and showing.”
What is Figural Narration?
“Form: heterodiegetic; 3rd person; Format: covert narrator; focaliser has very limited knowledge; focaliser often unreliable; Focalisation: internal; centre of perspective lies with intradiegetic focaliser not with narrating instance!! = split between who sees and who speaks!!; View: inside view (but only as regards focaliser’s consciousness!!) and outside view of all other characters; Mode: showing dominant.”
