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TCD > Sex and Gender > Flashcards

Sex and Gender Flashcards

1
Q

what is a sexual dysfunction

A

specific problems with desire, arousal, interest, climax, pain

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2
Q

what is a paraphilic disorder

A

attraction to unusual sexual activities or objects

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3
Q

how many man and women in USE suffer with sexual dysfunction

A

31% of men
43% of women

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4
Q

how long must symptoms be present for before diagnosis

A

6+ months

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5
Q

what are the 3 broad categories of sexual dysfunctions

A

desire, arousal, interest
orgasm/climax
sexual pain

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6
Q

disorders of desire

A

little/no interest in sexual activity causing distress or impairment for self for partner

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7
Q

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder definition

A

able to get aroused but desire is deficient
- low sex drive

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8
Q

erectile disorder definition

A

failure to attain or maintain erection at least 75% of time

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9
Q

female sexual interest/arousal disorder - possible deficits

A

interest in sex
erotic thoughts or fantasies
initiation of sex or response to partner initiation
excitement/pleasure
interest/arousal by erotic cues
genital or non genital sensations absent or lessened

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10
Q

how does erectile dysfunction change

A

increases with age

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11
Q

disorders of orgasm / climax

A

premature ejaculation
delayed ejaculation
female orgasmic disorder

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12
Q

premature ejaculation

A

cumming with minimal sexual stimulation (less than 1 min) on more than 75% of occasion

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13
Q

delayed ejaculation

A

delay in, or absence of orgasm following normal sexual excitement phase during sexual activity

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14
Q

female orgasmic disorder

A

delay in, or absence of, orgasm following a normal sexual excitement phase during sexual activity

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15
Q

how common is premature ejaculation

A

21%

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16
Q

how common is female orgasmic disorder

A

24%

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17
Q

what is sexual pain disorder

A

inability to have vaginal/penetration during intercourse

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18
Q

symptoms of sexual pain disorder

A

marked vulvar/vaginal/pelvic pain during penetration or intercourse attempts
marked fear or anxiety about pain and penetration
marked tensing of pelvic floor muscles during attempted penetration

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19
Q

areas of aetiology of sexual dysfunction

A

medical
psych, social, cultural

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20
Q

diseases and sexual dysfunction

A

diabetes
ms
spinal cord injury
- affects getting aroused, erections

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21
Q

hormones and sexual dysfunction

A

genetic abnormalities
individual differences - periods, menopause etc
taking hormones

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22
Q

medication effects and sexual dysfunction

A

affects arousal, desire

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23
Q

mental health and sexual dysfunction

A

depression, anxiety, panic disorder
- arousal, maintenance, desire

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24
Q

low physiological arousal and sexual dysfunction

A

exhaustion stress

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25
Q

biological treatments

A

antidepressants / anxiolytic medications
erectile dysfunction medications

26
Q

psychosocial treatments

A

individual and couples therapy
psychoeducation

27
Q

sensate focus therapy (masters and johnson)

A

sexual activity with the goal on focusing on sensations without direct attempt at climax
decrease performance anxiety

28
Q

viagra

A

increases blood flow to penis

29
Q

success rate of viagra

A

max 13%

30
Q

how long must symptoms of paraphilia be present before diagnosis

A

6 months

31
Q

when is paraphilia considered disorderd

A

when experience clinically significant distress or impairment
or when acts on urges to non consenting person

32
Q

fetishistic disorder

A

sexual attraction to non living objects as preferred/exclusive source of arousal

33
Q

transvestic fetishism

A

dresses as opposite sex as primary means of becoming aroused

34
Q

voyeurism

A

desire/excitement with peeping, observing unsuspecting person undressing etc

35
Q

exhibitionism

A

sexual gratification by exposing self to involuntary others

36
Q

frotteurism

A

sexual gratification by fondling non consenting person

37
Q

paedophilia

A

sexual desire or behaviours focused on children

38
Q

sadism

A

sexual gratification obtained through inflicting pain and humiliation on partner

39
Q

masochism

A

sexual gratification obtained through experiencing pain and humiliation at hands of partner

40
Q

how many sexual offenders were abused as children

A

2/3

41
Q

how many boys who were abused as child, abuse as adults

A

<5%

42
Q

psychological/cognitive risk factors for paraphilia disorders

A

difficulty forming normal relationships
deficits in typical sexual experiences
heightened impulsivity and poor emotional regulation
lower IQ and more cognitive problems
lack of empathy
alcohol

43
Q

enhancing motivation for change

A

educating about legal consequences, family problems etc

44
Q

stimulus control

A

change lifestyle to reduce expsoure to triggering situation
harder to give into triggers in moment of lapse

45
Q

cognitive therapy

A

challenge thought distortions
empathy training

46
Q

what is the issue with psychological treatment for paraphilia disorders

A

often mandated, tied to condition of release, do not realise they have problem

47
Q

biological treatments for paraphilias

A

SSRIs
chemical castration

48
Q

what is gender dysphoria

A

state of psych distress arising from mismatch between experienced gender and assigned gender

49
Q

what is sex

A

persons gender based on genitals and sex chromosomes

50
Q

what is gender

A

socially constructed notion of what it means to be more masculine/feminine

51
Q

what is a gender role

A

persons belief about how they should behave as male/female in society

52
Q

disorders of sex development

A

individuals born with biological features of both sexes

53
Q

DSM criteria for gender dysphoria in adults

A
  • marked incongruence between experience and primary and/or secondary sex characteristics
  • strong desire to be rid of primary and/or secondary sex characteristics
  • strong desire for primary and/or secondary sex characteristics of the other gender
  • strong desire to be the other gender
  • strong desire to be treated as the other gender
  • strong conviction that one has typical feelings and reactions of the other gender
54
Q

what is a required criterion for the diagnosis of gender dysphoria in children

A

strong desire to be of the other gender/insistence that one is the alternative gender

55
Q

what age do symptoms of gender dysphoria appear in children

A

3-4 years

56
Q

criteria for gender dysphoria in children

A
  • strong desire to be of the other gender/insistence that one is the alternative gender
  • strong preference for wearing clothes of other gender
  • strong preference for cross gender roles in play
  • strong preference for toys, games, activities associated with other gender
  • strong preference for playmates of other gender
  • rejection of games, play, activities associated with natal sex
  • strong dislike of ones sexual anatomy
  • desire for sex characteristics that match experienced gender
57
Q

how long must symptoms of gender dysphoria last

A

> 6 months

58
Q

how many transgender people exist

A

25 million

59
Q

brain and gender dysphoria

A

some evidence shows that brain are more closely aligned with gender identity than physical sex characteristics

60
Q

process of gender confirmation surgery

A

psychological evaluation
hormonal treatments
live as experienced gender
surgical procedure of sexual anatomy

61
Q

how many people regret changing sexual anatomy

A

9%

TCD (17 decks)

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