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Sex and Gender Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a sexual dysfunction

A

specific problems with desire, arousal, interest, climax, pain

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2
Q

what is a paraphilic disorder

A

attraction to unusual sexual activities or objects

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3
Q

how many man and women in USE suffer with sexual dysfunction

A

31% of men
43% of women

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4
Q

how long must symptoms be present for before diagnosis

A

6+ months

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5
Q

what are the 3 broad categories of sexual dysfunctions

A

desire, arousal, interest
orgasm/climax
sexual pain

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6
Q

disorders of desire

A

little/no interest in sexual activity causing distress or impairment for self for partner

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7
Q

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder definition

A

able to get aroused but desire is deficient
- low sex drive

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8
Q

erectile disorder definition

A

failure to attain or maintain erection at least 75% of time

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9
Q

female sexual interest/arousal disorder - possible deficits

A

interest in sex
erotic thoughts or fantasies
initiation of sex or response to partner initiation
excitement/pleasure
interest/arousal by erotic cues
genital or non genital sensations absent or lessened

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10
Q

how does erectile dysfunction change

A

increases with age

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11
Q

disorders of orgasm / climax

A

premature ejaculation
delayed ejaculation
female orgasmic disorder

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12
Q

premature ejaculation

A

cumming with minimal sexual stimulation (less than 1 min) on more than 75% of occasion

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13
Q

delayed ejaculation

A

delay in, or absence of orgasm following normal sexual excitement phase during sexual activity

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14
Q

female orgasmic disorder

A

delay in, or absence of, orgasm following a normal sexual excitement phase during sexual activity

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15
Q

how common is premature ejaculation

A

21%

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16
Q

how common is female orgasmic disorder

A

24%

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17
Q

what is sexual pain disorder

A

inability to have vaginal/penetration during intercourse

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18
Q

symptoms of sexual pain disorder

A

marked vulvar/vaginal/pelvic pain during penetration or intercourse attempts
marked fear or anxiety about pain and penetration
marked tensing of pelvic floor muscles during attempted penetration

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19
Q

areas of aetiology of sexual dysfunction

A

medical
psych, social, cultural

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20
Q

diseases and sexual dysfunction

A

diabetes
ms
spinal cord injury
- affects getting aroused, erections

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21
Q

hormones and sexual dysfunction

A

genetic abnormalities
individual differences - periods, menopause etc
taking hormones

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22
Q

medication effects and sexual dysfunction

A

affects arousal, desire

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23
Q

mental health and sexual dysfunction

A

depression, anxiety, panic disorder
- arousal, maintenance, desire

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24
Q

low physiological arousal and sexual dysfunction

A

exhaustion stress

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25
biological treatments
antidepressants / anxiolytic medications erectile dysfunction medications
26
psychosocial treatments
individual and couples therapy psychoeducation
27
sensate focus therapy (masters and johnson)
sexual activity with the goal on focusing on sensations without direct attempt at climax decrease performance anxiety
28
viagra
increases blood flow to penis
29
success rate of viagra
max 13%
30
how long must symptoms of paraphilia be present before diagnosis
6 months
31
when is paraphilia considered disorderd
when experience clinically significant distress or impairment or when acts on urges to non consenting person
32
fetishistic disorder
sexual attraction to non living objects as preferred/exclusive source of arousal
33
transvestic fetishism
dresses as opposite sex as primary means of becoming aroused
34
voyeurism
desire/excitement with peeping, observing unsuspecting person undressing etc
35
exhibitionism
sexual gratification by exposing self to involuntary others
36
frotteurism
sexual gratification by fondling non consenting person
37
paedophilia
sexual desire or behaviours focused on children
38
sadism
sexual gratification obtained through inflicting pain and humiliation on partner
39
masochism
sexual gratification obtained through experiencing pain and humiliation at hands of partner
40
how many sexual offenders were abused as children
2/3
41
how many boys who were abused as child, abuse as adults
<5%
42
psychological/cognitive risk factors for paraphilia disorders
difficulty forming normal relationships deficits in typical sexual experiences heightened impulsivity and poor emotional regulation lower IQ and more cognitive problems lack of empathy alcohol
43
enhancing motivation for change
educating about legal consequences, family problems etc
44
stimulus control
change lifestyle to reduce expsoure to triggering situation harder to give into triggers in moment of lapse
45
cognitive therapy
challenge thought distortions empathy training
46
what is the issue with psychological treatment for paraphilia disorders
often mandated, tied to condition of release, do not realise they have problem
47
biological treatments for paraphilias
SSRIs chemical castration
48
what is gender dysphoria
state of psych distress arising from mismatch between experienced gender and assigned gender
49
what is sex
persons gender based on genitals and sex chromosomes
50
what is gender
socially constructed notion of what it means to be more masculine/feminine
51
what is a gender role
persons belief about how they should behave as male/female in society
52
disorders of sex development
individuals born with biological features of both sexes
53
DSM criteria for gender dysphoria in adults
- marked incongruence between experience and primary and/or secondary sex characteristics - strong desire to be rid of primary and/or secondary sex characteristics - strong desire for primary and/or secondary sex characteristics of the other gender - strong desire to be the other gender - strong desire to be treated as the other gender - strong conviction that one has typical feelings and reactions of the other gender
54
what is a required criterion for the diagnosis of gender dysphoria in children
strong desire to be of the other gender/insistence that one is the alternative gender
55
what age do symptoms of gender dysphoria appear in children
3-4 years
56
criteria for gender dysphoria in children
- strong desire to be of the other gender/insistence that one is the alternative gender - strong preference for wearing clothes of other gender - strong preference for cross gender roles in play - strong preference for toys, games, activities associated with other gender - strong preference for playmates of other gender - rejection of games, play, activities associated with natal sex - strong dislike of ones sexual anatomy - desire for sex characteristics that match experienced gender
57
how long must symptoms of gender dysphoria last
> 6 months
58
how many transgender people exist
25 million
59
brain and gender dysphoria
some evidence shows that brain are more closely aligned with gender identity than physical sex characteristics
60
process of gender confirmation surgery
psychological evaluation hormonal treatments live as experienced gender surgical procedure of sexual anatomy
61
how many people regret changing sexual anatomy
9%

TCD (17 decks)

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