sexual reproduction in flowers Flashcards
pollination
movement of pollen from ANTHER to STIGMA
pollen
male sex gamete
ovary
female sex gamete
fertilisation
the fusion of the nucleus of the ovary and the nucleus of the pollen
two methods of pollination
- insect pollination
- wind pollination
how are flowers adapted for wind pollination?
- small, green flowers
- no scent
- stigma is feathery and hangs outside the flower
- anther is exposed to the wind so the pollen is more likely to fly away
- a lot of pollen is produced to maximise chances
what are the male reproductive organs called?
STAMEN
—> anther: contains the pollen
—> filament: holds the anther
what are the female reproductive organs called?
CARPEL
—> stigma: the part that the pollen grains attach to (sticky)
—> ovary: contains the ovules
—> ovule: female gamete
—> style: holds the stigma
name two parts of a plant that attract insects:
- petals: brightly coloured
- nectary: glands that secrete nectar
how are insect-pollinated plants adapted for this?
- bright petals
- produce nectar which tastes sweet
sepals
protects bud
germination
The sprouting of a seed - can be after a period of dormancy
These factors cause germination:
- Water
- Oxygen
- Warmth (temp in C)
Therefore seeds in seed banks are kept without the conditions
A fertilised ovule develops into a
Seed
After fertilisation the ovary develops into
A fruit
After pollination fertilisation can occur when a ….. is made
Pollen tube
Made by digestive enzymes
