Shit - Psych

Question 1

Positive vs. negative

Answer 1

positive = do something
negative = take away something

Question 2

Reinforcement vs punishment

Answer 2

Increase behaviour

Decrease behaviour

Question 3

Reaction formation

Answer 3

UNCONSCIOUSLY replacing bad thoughts/idea with the opposite

Question 4

Sublimation

Answer 4

CONSCIOULY replacing bad thoughts/idea with something SIMILAR to the wish but that doesn’t conflict with their views

Question 5

Undoing

Answer 5

symbolically nullifying bad thing with confession/atonement

Question 6

anaclitic depression

Answer 6

Isolated children become withdrawn/unresponsive

Question 7

Conditions associated with tourettes

Answer 7

OCD

ADHD

Question 8

ADHD Rx

Answer 8

Amphetamines:

Methylphenidate, atomoxetine (NRI), Clonidine (a2 agonist)

Question 9

Tourette’s Rx

Answer 9

Low dose, high potency antipsychotics (i.e. flu)
Clonidine
Tetrabenazine (also used for Huntington’s)

Question 10

Rett syndrome s/s

Answer 10

Girls

Progressive regression around 1-4; verbal, intellectual, ataxia, hand-writhing

Question 11

Alzeimers NTS

Answer 11

Low Ach

High glutamate

Question 12

Anxiety NTs

Answer 12

High NE
Low 5HT
Low GABA

Question 13

Delerium vs dementia

Answer 13

Delerium = altered consciousness, acute onset, wax and wane, 2’, abnormal EEG

Dementia = decreased intellectual functioning with normal consciousness, gradual, usually irreversible, usually 1’, abnormal EEG

*reversible dementia via hypothyroidism, depression in elderly, B12 deficiency, NPH

Question 14

Hallucination types:

Answer 14

Visual = medical
auditory = psych
tactile = alcohol or cocaine
olfactory = epilepsy
gustatory = epilepsy

Question 15

Schizophrenia/brain

Answer 15

High DA activity

Decreased dendritic branching

Question 16

Schiz timelines:

Answer 16

6 m = schizophrenia

Psychotic with mood on top = schizoaffective

Question 17

> 1month with ONLY delusions

Answer 17

Delusional disorder

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Question 18

depersonalization vs. derealization

Answer 18

deperson = out of body

derealize = world seems fake

*both have reality-testing in tact

Question 19

hypomanic vs manic

Answer 19

Hypoamnic = no psychotic features, no marked impairment, ≥ 4 days

Manic = marked impairment, ≥1 week OR hospitalized

Question 20

Bipolar I vs. II vs. cyclothymia

Answer 20

I = mania ± depressive or hypomanic
II = hypomania + depressive
Cyclothymic = hypomania to dysthymia

Question 21

Rx of bipolar

Answer 21

MOOD STABILIZERS:

lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotics

Question 22

Dysthymia timeline

Answer 22

> 2 years

Question 23

DMDD Dx

Answer 23

Outbursts 3x/week, disproportional reactions, multiple places

Dx between 6 and 18 years

Question 24

Normal vs. pathological grief

Answer 24

Normal = shock, denial, anger, guilt, somatic symptoms, HALLUCINATIONS of their voice

Pathologic = >6 months, major depressive criteria, psychotic symptoms (other than the hallucinations)

Question 25

Venlafaxine treats:

Answer 25

Panic disorder | PTSD

Question 26

GAD timeline

Answer 26

>6 months

Question 27

acute stress disorder vs adjustment disorder vs PTSD

Answer 27

Acute stress disorder = 3d-1m Adjustment disorder = 6m for chronic stressor PTSD = >1m

Question 28

Ego defences with personality disorders

Answer 28

``` Projection = Paranoid Splitting = boarderline ```

Question 29

Russel's sign

Answer 29

callouses on knuckles from bulimia

Question 30

Sleep hygiene vs stimulus ctrl

Answer 30

hygeine = caffeine, naps stimulus = bed for sleep only

Question 31

Narcolepsy brain

Answer 31

Decreased hypocretin (orexin) production in lateral hypothalamus

Question 32

GHB for:

Answer 32

Narcolepsy daytime somnolence and cataplexy

Question 33

RX RLS

Answer 33

dopamine (can be a precursor to parkinson)

Question 34

RLS vs PLM

Answer 34

``` RLS = aware of pain and movement to relieve it PML = unaware fo movements ```

Question 35

Benzo OD Rx

Answer 35

Flumazenil

Question 36

Withdrawal existential crisis =

Answer 36

amphetamines

Question 37

Wernicke encephalopathy s/s

Answer 37

Triad: - confusion - opthalamoplegia - ataxia

Question 38

Korsakoff

Answer 38

Confabulations Memory loss Personality changes Periventricular hemorrhages and mamillary body degeneration

Question 39

DTs: s/s and timeline

Answer 39

2-4 days after last drink | Autonomic hyperactivity