Sickle Cell Disease

Question 0

What causes the cells to turn sickle

Answer 0

Low oxygen levels

Question 1

Which type of cell is affected

Answer 1

Hemoglobin

Question 2

At which age do symptoms become apparent

Answer 2

4-6 months

Question 3

Which type of hgb prevents sickling from starting

Answer 3

Fetal

Question 4

What is the lifespan of a sickle cell

Answer 4

7-29 days

Question 5

What are the diagnostic tests

Answer 5

Sickledex
Hemoglobin electrophoresis
Reticulocyte count
Transcranial Doppler

Question 6

What are general s/s

Answer 6

Stasis of blood 
Hand & foot syndrome 
Joint and back pain
Growth retardation
Enlarged liver & spleen

Question 7

Where are sickle cells broken down

Answer 7

Spleen

Question 8

What are the 4 types of crisis

Answer 8

Vasoocclusive
Sequestrian
Aplastic
Hyperhemolytic

Question 9

Which crises leads to pain r/t distal ischemia

Answer 9

Vaso-occlusive

Question 10

Which crises is a pulling of blood leading to shock

Answer 10

Sequestrian

Question 11

Which crisis is an increase in RBC destruction leading to anemia & jaundice

Answer 11

Hyperhemolytic

Question 12

Which crisis is a decrease in RBC leading to profound anemia

Answer 12

Aplastic

Question 13

All crises require a transfusion except for

Answer 13

Vaso-occlusive

Question 14

What are precipitating factor contributing to crisis

Answer 14

Fever 
High altitude 
Hypoventilation
Dehydration
Alcohol

Question 15

What are s/s of crisis

Answer 15

Pain
SOB
Fever 
Vomiting
Excessive urination

Question 16

What are 4 main interventions during crisis

Answer 16

Pain management 
Hydration
Oxygenation
Oxygen
Bed rest

Question 17

What are some ways to avoid crises

Answer 17

Prophylactic antibiotics
Avoid temp extremes
Avoid alcohol

Question 18

What are the 2 worst complications of crises

Answer 18

CVA

acute chest syndrome

Question 19

What are 4 ways to prevent complications

Answer 19

Pneumococcal vaccine
Meningococcal vaccine
Splenectomy
Bone marrow transplant