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STEP1 2014 > Side effects > Flashcards

Side effects Flashcards

1
Q

CV: cutaneous flushing

A

vancomycin
niacin (B3)
adenosine
dihydropyridine CCB

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2
Q

CV: vasospasm

A 
cocaine
amphetamines
methamphetamines
-triptans
ergotamines
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3
Q

CV: Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

dexorubicin
donorubicin
cardiotoxicity and bone marrow suppression because these are anti- cancer drugs

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4
Q

CV: Torsades de pointes

A

Tx: MgSO4
QT interval prolongation:
Class 3 antiarrhythmics which are potassium channel blockers
Class 1a antiarrythmics, which are sodium channel blockers (macrolides, haloperidol, chloroquine, protease inhibitors)

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5
Q

Hematology: thrombocytopenia

A

heparin

cimetadine (H2 blocker)

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6
Q

Hematology: Agranulocytosis

A 
Clozapine
Carbamazepine
Colchicine
PTU
Methimazole
Dapsone
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7
Q

Hematology: aplastic anemia

A 
Chloramphenicol
Benzene
NSAIDs
PTU
Methimazole
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8
Q

Hematology: Gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol (UDP glucoronyl- transferase is underactive in babies)

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9
Q

Hematology: hemolysis in G6PD- deficient patients

A 
isoniazid
sulfonamides
primaquine
high- dose aspirin
ibuprofen
nitrofurantoin
dapsone
fava beans
naphthalene
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10
Q

Hematology: thrombosis

A

OCPs, especially in a smoker older than 35 years

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11
Q

Respiratory: pulmonary fibrosis

A

amiodarone
bleomycin
busulfan

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12
Q

Respiratory: cough

A

ACEI

a tickly cough mediated by bradykinin

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13
Q

GI: pseudomembranous colitis

A

clindamycin

amoxicillin/ ampicillin

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14
Q

GI: focal to massive hepatic necrosis

A

halothane
acetaminophen
valproic acid
amanita phalloides (mushroom toxin)

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15
Q

GI: hepatitis

A

INH

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16
Q

Endocrine: gynecomastia

A

Some drugs create awesome knockers:

spironolactone
digoxin
estrogen
cimetadine
chronic alcohol
ketoconazole
marijuana
17
Q

Endocrine: adrenocortical insufficiency

A

withdrawal of corticosteroids

18
Q

Endocrine: hot flashes

A

tamoxifen

clomiphene

19
Q

Endocrine: Hypothyroidism

A

amiodarone (contains iodine)
lithium
sulfonamides

20
Q

MSK: gout

A 
furosemide
thiazides
niacin
cyclosporin
pyrazinamide
21
Q

MSK: gingival hyperplasia

A

phenytoin

verapamil

22
Q

MSK: osteoporosis

A

corticosteroids

heparin

23
Q

MSK: photosensitivity

A

SAT (in the sun)
sulfonamides
amiodarone
tetracycline

24
Q

MSK: SJS

A 
seizure drugs:
ethosuxamide
carbamazepine
lamotrigine
phenytoin
phenobarbitol

Sulfa drugs
Penicillin
Allopurinol

25
Q

MSK: Drug induced lupus (check anti- histone ab)

A 
SHIPP
Sulfonamides
Hydralazines
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Phenytoin
26
Q

MSK: tendon rupture/ cartilage damage

A

Fluoroquinolones

27
Q

Renal: Interstitial nephritis

A

NSAIDs
furosemide
antibiotics

28
Q

Renal: DI
note: treat renal DI with HCTZ (improper kidney response to ADH)

A

Lithium

Demeclocycline

29
Q

Renal: Fanconi proximal tubule defect where protein is spilled

A

Expired tetracycline

Heavy metal exposure

30
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide

Ifosfamide

31
Q

Neuro: Parkinson- like

A

Metoclopramide
Antipsychotics
Reserpine

32
Q

Neuro: cinchonism (dizziness with HA, vision changes, tinnitus)

A

Quinidine

Quinine

33
Q

Neuro: seizures

A 
Buproprion
Imipenem/cilastin
INH
Tramadol
Metoclopramide
Benzodiazepine/alcohol withdrawal
34
Q

Neuro: Tardive dyskinesia

A

Antipsychotics

35
Q

Multiorgan: Disulfiram- like reaction

A 
Metronidazole
Certain Cephalosporins
Procarbazine
First gen sulfonylureas
Disulfiram
36
Q

Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity

A

Aminoglycosides
Cisplatin
Polymixin

37
Q

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

A

Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin
Loop diuretics
Cisplatin

38
Q 
Anticholinergic effects 
Dry as a bone
Hot as a hare
Red as a beet
Blind as a bat
Mad as a hatter
Bloated as a toad
A 
Atropine
TCAs
H1 Blockers
Thioridizine
Chlorpromazine

avoid in patients with delirium, dementia, BPH pts

39
Q

Lithium

A

LMNOP
Lithium side effects:
Movement (Tremor)
Nephrogenic DI because Lithium blocks ADH
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy problems (teratogenic- Ebstein anomaly and malformation of the great vessels)

STEP1 2014 (26 decks)

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