single subject designs Flashcards
(10 cards)
In a multiple-baseline design, two different baseline phases ____.
are started simultaneously but end at different times
are started at different times but ended simultaneously
are started at the same time and ended at the same time
can be started and ended at completely different times
-are started simultaneously but end at different times
are started at different times but ended simultaneously
are started at the same time and ended at the same time
can be started and ended at completely different times
When the observations in the initial baseline phase show a trend in the direction of improved behavior, the researcher should ____.
administer the treatment immediately
manipulate the environment until the change stops
increase the intensity of the treatment
do nothing but continue to observe
administer the treatment immediately
manipulate the environment until the change stops
increase the intensity of the treatment
-do nothing but continue to observe
A treatment phase is defined as ____.
a series of observations made when a treatment is being administered
the first observation made after a treatment is administered
the amount of change between the final observation before treatment and the first observation after treatment
the boundary between pre-treatment observations and post-treatment observations
-a series of observations made when a treatment is being administered
the first observation made after a treatment is administered
the amount of change between the final observation before treatment and the first observation after treatment
the boundary between pre-treatment observations and post-treatment observations
What name is given to a single-subject design consisting of the following four phases in the order given: baseline, treatment, baseline, treatment?
BABA design
ABA design
ABAB design
multiple-baseline design
BABA design
ABA design
-ABAB design
multiple-baseline design
In a single-subject design when no treatment is being administered, the observations are called ____ observations.
no-treatment
baseline
treatment
random
no-treatment
-baseline
treatment
random
In order to use a single-subject design to see whether a treatment caused a change in behavior, a researcher would need to ____
make a series of observations over time
provide a detailed description of a single individual
evaluate data sets with traditional tests
identify another, similar individual, who receives no treatment
-make a series of observations over time
provide a detailed description of a single individual
evaluate data sets with traditional tests
identify another, similar individual, who receives no treatment
At what point is a phase change appropriate?
after five or six observations in the current phase
when the participant begins to show an unstable pattern of behavior
when the participant shows the first response to the treatment
when the participant shows a clear and stable pattern of behavior
after five or six observations in the current phase
when the participant begins to show an unstable pattern of behavior
when the participant shows the first response to the treatment
-when the participant shows a clear and stable pattern of behavior
One way in which single-subject research is like most other experimental designs is that ____.
means are compared with traditional tests for significance
pre- and post-test scores are always compared
they provide detailed descriptions of single individuals
they are capable of determining cause and effect relationships
means are compared with traditional tests for significance
pre- and post-test scores are always compared
they provide detailed descriptions of single individuals
-they are capable of determining cause and effect relationships
In single-subject research, a group of observations of the same individual under the same conditions is known as a ____.
time series
phase
sequence
data set
time series
-phase
sequence
data set
In single-subject research, unstable data ____.
make differences between treatment phases and baseline phases clear
make it possible to define a pattern within a phase
make it impossible to determine whether a change in phases produces a change inpattern
make it possible todetermine whether a change in phases produces a change in pattern
make differences between treatment phases and baseline phases clear
make it possible to define a pattern within a phase
-make it impossible to determine whether a change in phases produces a change inpattern
make it possible todetermine whether a change in phases produces a change in pattern
