Skeletal System

Question 0

What makes up the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 0

Pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, upper & lower limbs

Question 1

What makes up the axial skeleton?

Answer 1

Skull, vertebral column, bones of the thorax

Question 2

Name a long bone?

Answer 2

Humerus, femur

Question 3

Name a short bone?

Answer 3

Carpal

Question 4

Name a flat bone?

Answer 4

Sternum

Question 5

Name a sesamoid bone?

Answer 5

Patella

Question 6

Name an irregular bone?

Answer 6

Vertebrae, mandible

Question 7

What is the name of the c1 vertebrae?

Answer 7

Atlas

Question 8

What is the name of the c2 vertebrae?

Answer 8

Axis

Question 9

Put the vertebrae of the spine in order?

Answer 9

Cervical (1-7), thoracic (1-12), lumbar (1-5), sacrum (1-5 fused), cocyx

Question 10

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

Answer 10

Scapula, clavicle

Question 11

What bones make up the pelvic girdle?

Answer 11

Ilium, ischium, pubis

Question 12

Name some functions of the skeleton?

Answer 12

Support, protect,

Question 13

What type of tissue is bone?

Answer 13

Specialised form of connective tissue

Question 14

What is the name if bones collagenous matrix?

Answer 14

Osteoid

Question 15

Osteoid calcifies through deposition of what?

Answer 15

Calcium & phosphate

Question 16

What do the collagenous fibres & glycoproteins in osteoid do?

Answer 16

Confer strength & flexibility

Question 17

What do mineral deposits in the osteoid do?

Answer 17

Give hardness & durability

Question 18

What is the shaft of the bone called?

Answer 18

Diaphysis

Question 19

What is the epithelial membrane of the diaphysis called?

Answer 19

Periosteum

Question 20

What are the ends of a bone called?

Answer 20

Epiphyses

Question 21

What reduces friction at bones articulating surfaces?

Answer 21

Hyaline cartilage

Question 22

What is the name of the space filled by bone marrow within the bone?

Answer 22

Endosteum

Question 23

What variety of marrow is produced in long bones?

Answer 23

Yellow (fat)

Question 24

What marrow is produced by irregular & flat bones?

Answer 24

Red marrow

Question 25

What does bone marrow contain?

Answer 25

Haemotopietic tissue ( stem cells that give rise to blood cells)

Question 26

What do all bones house?

Answer 26

Nerve fibres & blood cells

Question 27

When does the developing skeleton fully mature?

Answer 27

Approx 20yrs

Question 28

What causes ossification?

Answer 28

Osteoid & minerals

Question 29

When is ossification fully complete?

Answer 29

Third decade of life

Question 30

Where in the bone does growth occur?

Answer 30

Epiphyseal growth plate

Question 31

What is the name of a bone forming cell?

Answer 31

Osteoblasts

Question 32

What is a mature bone cell called?

Answer 32

Osteocytes

Question 33

What is the name of the cell that remodels & replaces the skeleton?

Answer 33

Osteoclasts

Question 34

What do you need to maintain a healthy skeleton?

Answer 34

Exercise, balanced diet, adequate amounts of calcium, phosphorus, vitamins d,c & d

Question 35

Define compact bone?

Answer 35

Dense & consists tightly packed osteons

Question 36

Define spongy bone?

Answer 36

Contains many marrow filled spaces

Question 37

Define what a joint is?

Answer 37

Joints occur when 2 or more bones come together

Question 38

Name an immovable/ fibrous joint?

Answer 38

Skull bones

Question 39

Name a slightly movable/ cartilaginous joint?

Answer 39

Vertebrae, pubic ramus

Question 40

Name a freely movable/ synovial joint?

Answer 40

Knee (hinge), elbow (hinge), hip (ball & socket), shoulder (ball & socket)

Question 41

What makes a synovial joint different from others?

Answer 41

Separated by a cavity filled with synovial fluid

Question 42

Where is synovial fluid made?

Answer 42

Secreted by the synovial membrane

Question 43

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Answer 43

Permits friction free movement

Question 44

What is the name of the structure that supports a joint?

Answer 44

Ligament

Question 45

What is the name of the ligament located within a joint?

Answer 45

Intrascapular ligament

Question 46

What is the name of the ligament located outside a joint?

Answer 46

Extrascapular ligament