Skeletal Terms to Know Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
-ago
A
diseased condition
2
Q
ankyl/o
A
crooked, bent, fused together
3
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
4
Q
chondr/i, chondr/o
A
cartilage
5
Q
cost/o
A
rib
6
Q
crani/o
A
skull
7
Q
-desis
A
surgical fixation of a bone or joint; to bind; tie together
8
Q
ili/o
A
ilium (upper hip bone)
9
Q
kyph/o
A
hump, bent
10
Q
lord/o
A
curve; swayback; bent
11
Q
-listhesis
A
slipping
12
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord; bone marrow
13
Q
oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o
A
bone
14
Q
pod/o
A
foot
15
Q
-poietic
A
pertaining to formation
16
Q
sacr/o
A
sacrum
17
Q
scoli/o
A
curved; bent; crooked
18
Q
spondyl/o
A
vertebra; vertebral column; backbone
19
Q
synovi/o, synov/o
A
synovial membrane; synovial fluid
20
Q
-um
A
singular noun ending
21
Q
vertebr/o
A
vertebra
22
Q
Fx
A
fracture
23
Q
OA
A
osteoarthritis
24
Q
PMR
A
polymyalgia rheumatica
25
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
26
TKA
total knee arthroplasty
27
The skeletal system consists of...
bones, joints, ligaments, synovial membranes/fluids, and bursa
28
Periosteum
tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outer covering of the bone
29
Compact bone
dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective covering of bone
30
Spongy bone
commonly found in ends and inner portions of long bones, contains red bone marrow
31
Medullary cavity
located in the shaft of long bones and surrounded by compact bone
32
Endosteum
tissue which lines the medullary cavity
33
Diaphysis
shaft of a long bone
34
Proximal epiphysis
wide end of the bone nearest to the midline of the body
35
Distal epiphysis
wide end of the bone furthest from the midline of the body
36
Foramen
opening in the bone which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass
37
Process
normal projection on the surface on the bone which serves as an attachment for muscles and tendons
38
Yellow bone marrow
fat storage area located in the medullary cavity
39
Cartilage
Smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue. Shock absorber
40
Meniscus
curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints (ex: knee)
41
Joint
AKA "articulations"
42
Fibrous joint
inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, AKA sutures, moveable in infants before solidification (ex: skull)
43
Cartilaginous joint
allows only slight movement and consists of bones connected entirely of cartilage (ex: ribs to sternum)
44
Synovial joint
most common joint, alloves a variety of movements
45
Hip socket
acetabulum
46
How many bones does the average human adult have?
206
47
How many bones are babies born with?
300
48
Axial skeleton
protects the major organs (ex: skull, ribs, sternum, thoracic vertebrae)
49
Appendicular skeleton
makes body movements possible; protects organs of digestion, excretion, and reproduction (ex: shoulders, arms, forearms, hips, legs, ankles)
50
formed around a fracture in the area of the break
callus
51
closed/simple fracture
bone is broken but does not cause an open wound of the skin
52
open/compound fracture
the broken bone creates an open wound
53
comminuted fracture
the bone is splintered or crushed
54
greenstick fracture
bone is bent and only partially broken, occurs primarily in abused children
55
oblique fracture
occurs at an angle across the bone
56
pathological fracture
when the bone is weakened by disease process and breaks under normal strain
57
spiral fracture
occurs from severe twisting motion, bone is twisted apart, primarily in abuse cases
58
stress fracture
an overuse injury which causes a small crack which develops from chronic impact
59
transverse fracture
fracture which is straight across the bone
60
compression fracture
broken bone that is pressed together on itself
61
grating sound of broken bones moving together
crepitation
62
ankylosis
loss or absence of mobility in a joint do to disease, injury, or surgery
63
arthrodesis
surgical fusion of 2 bones to stiffen a joint, usually to treat severe arthritis or a damaged joint
64
arthrosclerosis
stiffness of the joints
65
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
66
chondromalacia
abnormal softening of cartilage
67
chondroma
slow growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells
68
costochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
69
hallux valgus
bunion, abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
70
hemarthrosis
blood within the joint
71
synovitis
inflammation of the synovial membrane which results in the swelling and pain of the affected joint
72
osteoarthritis
wear and tear arthritis, degenerative joint disease, commonly associated with aging
73
gouty arthritis
arthritis which is characterized with deposits of uric acid in the joints
74
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of the body are attacked
75
ankylosing spondylitis
form of rheumatoid arthritis which causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
76
herniated disk
breaking apart of an intervertebral disk that results in pressure on the spinal nerve root
77
lumbago
lower back pain of the lumbar region of the spine
78
spondylolisthesis
forward slipping movement of the body in one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it
79
spina bifida
congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it
80
subluxation
the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
81
kyphosis
abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side
82
lordosis
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine
83
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
84
craniostenosis
malformation of the skull due to premature closure of the cranial sutures
85
fibrous dysplasia
bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous, scar-like tissue
86
osteonecrosis
death of bone tissue due to insufficient blood supply
87
paget's disease
bone disease of unknown cause that is characterized by excessive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation
88
rickets disease
deficiency disease occurring in children characterized by defective bone growth, results from vitamin d deficiency
89
osteoporosis
marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity, associated with aging
90
osteopenia
thinner than average bone density in a younger person
