The Muscular System Flashcards
(61 cards)
1
Q
-asthenia
A
weakness; lack of strength
2
Q
bi-
A
twice, double, two
3
Q
brady-
A
slow
4
Q
-cele
A
hernia, tumor, swelling
5
Q
clono/o
A
violent action
6
Q
fasci/o
A
fascia; fibrous band
7
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
8
Q
hemi-
A
half
9
Q
kines/o; kinesi/o
A
movement
10
Q
-lysis
A
destruction
11
Q
-paresis
A
partial or incomplete paralysis
12
Q
-plegia
A
paralysis, stroke
13
Q
-penia
A
deficiency
14
Q
tax/o
A
coordination, order
15
Q
ten/o; tend/o; tendin/o
A
tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
16
Q
ton/o
A
tone, tension, stretching
17
Q
tri-
A
three
18
Q
ROM
A
range of motion
19
Q
PT
A
physical therapist
20
Q
AT
A
athletic trainer
21
Q
OT
A
occupational therapist
22
Q
ADL
A
activities of daily life/living
23
Q
Muscle fibers
A
long, slender cells that make up muscles
24
Q
Fascia
A
sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscles or groups of muscles
25
Tendon
Narrow band of nonelastic, dense, fibrous connective tissue which attaches a muscle to a bone
26
Skeletal Muscle
attaches to the bones and makes body motions possible, voluntary movement, striated appearance, polynucleated
27
Smooth Muscle
located in internal organs, involuntary movement, smooth and not striated
28
Cardial Muscle
forms the muscular walls of the heart, involuntary movement, striated, mononucleated
29
Muscle innervation
muscles are innervated by motor nerves. the brain sends a signal which stimulates a muscle to contract
30
Antagonistic muscle pairs
when one muscle of the pair contracts, the other relaxes
31
Abduction
movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
32
Adduction
movement of a limb towards the midline of the body
33
Flexion
decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint
34
Extension
increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb
35
Hyperextension
the extreme overextension of a limb beyond its normal limit
36
Elevation
raising or lifting a body part
37
Depression
lowering a body part
38
Rotation
a circular movement around an axis, eg; turning at a shoulder joint
39
Circumduction
circular movement at the far end of a limb like at the hand
40
Supination
rotating the arm or leg so that the hand or sole of a foot turns upwards
41
Pronation
rotating the arm or leg so that the hand or sole of a foot turns downwards
42
Dorsiflexion
movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle (toes up)
43
Plantar flexion
movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle (toes down)
44
Oblique muscle fiber
slanted or at an angle
45
Rectus muscle fiber
straight, aligned with vertical axis of the body
46
Sphincter muscle fiber
ring-like
47
Transverse muscle fiber
in a crosswise alignment, left and right
48
Frontalis
muscle in the forehead, raises and lowers the eyebrows
49
Temporalis
moves the lower jaw up and back to close the mouth
50
Masseter
moves the lower jaw up to close the mouth specifically for chewing, one of the strongest muscles in the body
51
Pectoralis
makes up most of the chest muscles
52
External/Internal Obliques
in the abdomen
53
Rectus abdominis
helps flex the trunk, assists with breathing, supports the spine
54
Transverse abdominis
on the side of the abdomen, core muscle which engages when you laugh or cough
55
Deltoid
forms the cap of the shoulder
56
Trapezius
moves head and shoulder blade
57
Biceps brachii
anterior upper arm, flexes the elbow
58
Triceps brachii
posterior upper arm, extends the elbow
59
Rectus femoris
anterior thigh, extends the leg at the knee
60
Quadriceps femoris
made up of 4 muscles in the anterior thigh which extend the leg at the knee
61
Hamstring group
posterior thigh, extends the hip and flexes the foot
