The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
brady-
A
slow
2
Q
cardi/o
A
heart
3
Q
-itis
A
inflammation
4
Q
pulm/o
A
lung
5
Q
erythr/o
A
red
6
Q
leuk/o
A
white
7
Q
peri-
A
around
8
Q
hyper-
A
high, beyond, excessive
9
Q
-stenosis
A
abnormal narrowing
10
Q
-sclerosis
A
abnormal hardening
11
Q
endo-
A
inside
12
Q
hypo-
A
beneath, below
13
Q
-emia
A
condition of the blood
14
Q
tachy-
A
rapid
15
Q
my/o
A
muscle
16
Q
angi/o
A
blood vessel or lymph vessel
17
Q
aort/o
A
aorta
18
Q
arteri/o
A
artery
19
Q
ather/o
A
plaque, fatty substance
20
Q
-crasia
A
a mixture or blending
21
Q
epi-
A
above, upon, on
22
Q
hem/a, hem/o
A
blood, relating to the blood
23
Q
hemat/o
A
blood, relating to the blood
24
Q
phleb/o
A
vein
25
thromb/o
clot
26
valvul/o
valve
27
vas/o
vessel
28
ven/o
vein
29
CAD
coronary artery disease
30
CHF
congestive heart failure
31
EKG
electrocardiogram
32
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
33
atri/o
atrium
34
ventricul/o
ventricle
35
Blood returns waste products from tissues to the ____ to be elimated
kidneys
36
Layers of the heart?
Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
37
receiving chambers
atria
38
pumping chambers
ventricles
39
septum
separates heart into left and right
40
carries blood away from the heart
arteries
41
returns oxygen-poor blood to the heart
veins
42
deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells of tissues
capillaries
43
plasma after blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed
serum
44
erythrocytes
red blood cells
45
thrombocytes
platelets, clotting agent
46
leukocytes
white blood cells, fights infection
47
neutrophils
most common type of WBC
48
basophils
least common type of WBC
49
eosinophils
WBC which destroys parasitic organisms and plays a major role in allergic reactions
50
lymphocytes
WBC which identifies germs and produces antibodies against them
51
monocytes
WBC which provides immune defense against many infectious organisms
52
systemic circulation
flow of blood to all parts of the body except for the lungs
53
pulmonary circulation
flow of blood only between the heart and the lungs
54
sinoatrial node
known as the natural pacemaker, starts each wave of muscle contraction
55
atrioventricular node
receives impulses from the SA node and transmits them to the bundle of His
56
bundle of His
ensures the sequence of heart contractions, transmits impulses to the Purkinje fibers
57
Purkinje fibers
specialized fibers which relay impulses to the cells of the ventricles and cause them to contract, forcing blood out through the aorta
58
blood pressure
measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of arteries
59
systolic pressure
pressure occurring when the ventricles contract
60
diastolic pressure
pressure occurring when the ventricles are relaxed, between heartbeats
61
cardiomyopathy
term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle
62
congenital heart defect
structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth
63
coronary heart disease
atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle
64
cholesterol
plaque on the interior walls of the arteries
65
ischemic heart disease
group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart
66
angina
condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
67
nitroglycerin
vasodilator often prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina; increases blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart
68
myocardial infarction
heart attack
69
infarction
sudden insufficiency of blood
70
occlusion
total blockage
71
congestive heart faliure
heart is unable to pump out all the blood that it receives, causes congestion
72
cardiomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the heart
73
heart murmur
abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart or neighboring large blood vessels
74
valvular prolapse
abnormal protrusion of a heart valve which results in the inability of the valve to close completely
75
valvular stenosis
condition in which there is narrowing, stiffening, thickening, or blockage of one or more of the valves of the heart
76
cardiac arrest
heart abruptly stops or even develops very abnormal arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood
77
arrhythmia
describes abnormality or loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat
78
atrial fibrillation
"a fib" occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall
79
ventricular fibrillation
"v fib" rapid, irregular, and ineffective contractions of the ventricles
80
angiitis
inflammation of the blood or lymph vessels
81
angiostenosis
abnormal narrowing of the blood vessel
82
aneurysm
localized weak spot of balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery
83
arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries, any group of diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of arterial walls
84
varicose veins
abnormally swollen veins, valves in the veins malfunction and allow blood to pool in these veins, causing them to enlarge
85
thrombus
blood clot attached to the interior wall of a artery or a vein
86
coronary thrombosis
damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking the coronary artery
87
deep vein thrombosis
condition of having a thrombus attached the the wall of a deep vein
88
embolism
sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
89
embolus
foreign object; blood clot, air, gas, fat, or tissue
90
hemochromatosis
iron overload disease; genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron
91
septicemia
blood poisoning; systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood
92
cholesterol
fatty substances which travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body, not all bad
93
leukemia
cancer characterized by progressive increase in abnormal leukocytes found in the blood forming tissue
94
anemia
lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood
95
megaloblastic anemia
anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal
96
iron-deficiency anemia
iron is an essential component of hemoglobin. without sufficient iron to create hemoglobin, blood cannot carry oxygen effectively
97
sickle cell anemia
red blood cells assume an abnormal sickle shape
98
hypertension
elevation of blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system
99
antihypertensive
medications such as ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers which lower BP
100
hypotension
lower than normal arterial blood pressure
101
thrombocytemia
abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
