Skeleton

Question 1

What are the cranial bones held together by?

Answer 1

immovable joints called sutures

Question 2

What is the purpose of the facial bones?

Answer 2

• to form a framework for the face
• protect delicate sense organs
• anchor muscles of the face
• hold the teeth

Question 3

What is the purpose of the cranium?

Answer 3

• enclose the brain

- provide attachment site for neck and head muscles

Question 4

What makes up the ethmoid bone?

Answer 4

• middle nasal concha

- perpendicular plate

Question 5

What 2 bones does the coronal suture hold together?

Answer 5

frontal and parietal bone

Question 6

What 2 bones does the squamous suture hold together?

Answer 6

parietal and temporal bone

Question 7

What 2 bones does the lambdoid suture hold together?

Answer 7

parietal and occipital bone

Question 8

What 2 bones does the sagittal suture hold together?

Answer 8

the two parietal bones

Question 9

What 2 bones does the occipitomastoid suture hold together?

Answer 9

occipital and temporal bone

Question 10

What bones make up the hard palate?

Answer 10

maxilla and palatine bone

Question 11

What is the purpose of the vertebral column?

Answer 11

• formed by 26 adult bones
• transmits weight of trunk to lower limbs
• surrounds and protects spinal cord
• attachment site for neck and back muscles

Question 12

When does the thoracic and sacral curves formed?

Answer 12

during fetal development

Question 13

When does the cervical curve form?

Answer 13

when an infant raises head at 4 months

Question 14

When does the lumbar curve form?

Answer 14

when an infant sits up and begins to walk at 1 year

Question 15

Intervertebral discs compose _____ % of the height of the vertebral column

Answer 15

25%

Question 16

What is the purpose of the nucleus pulposus?

Answer 16

to absorb compressive stresses

Question 17

What is the purpose of the anulus fibrosus?

Answer 17

• binds vertebrae together
• resists tension on the spine
• absorbs compressive forces

Question 18

What can cause a herniated disc? What is a herniated disc?

Answer 18

can happen due to age or spine trauma

• nucleus pulposus loses cushion
• anulus fibrosus weakens

Question 19

What is formed by the superior and inferior vertebral notches of adjacent vertebrae?

Answer 19

intervertebral foramen

Question 20

Which curve of the spine has bifid spinous processes?

Answer 20

C1-C6

C7 has vertebra prominens

Question 21

Allows for flexion and extension of the neck?

Answer 21

atlas C1

Question 22

Acts as a pivot point for rotation of atlas?

Answer 22

axis C2

Question 23

What hold the axis in place?

Answer 23

the transverse ligaments

Question 24

Scoliosis

Answer 24

-lateral curvature of thoracic region
-common in girls
results from…
-abnormally structures vertebrae
-unequal lower limb length
-impaired muscle function

Question 25

Kyphosis

Answer 25

- hunchback - exaggerated thoracic curve - common in aged woman (spinal fractures due to osteoporosis)

Question 26

Lordosis

Answer 26

- sway back - accentuated lumbar curve - temporary in obese men and pregnant women

Question 27

What is it called when you have an extra lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 27

lumbosacral transitional vertebrae

Question 28

Which cartilage provides support with flexibility and resilience?

Answer 28

hyaline cartilage

Question 29

Which cartilage is the most flexible?

Answer 29

elastic cartilage

Question 30

Which cartilage is highly compressible and has great tensile strength?

Answer 30

fibrocartilage

Question 31

The glenoid cavity has _____ flexibility and ______ stability

Answer 31

great, poor

Question 32

Shoulder dislocation vs separation

Answer 32

- head of humerus dislocates forwards and down | - acromioclavicular joint dislocates

Question 33

What are the functions of the clavicles?

Answer 33

- attachment for muscles - hold arms superiorly and laterally - transmit compression forces from upper limb to axial skeleton

Question 34

Which is the largest and strongest bone of the upper limb?

Answer 34

humerus

Question 35

What is the function of the ulna?

Answer 35

- responsible for forming elbow joint | - hinge joint allows arm to bend

Question 36

What is the function of the radius?

Answer 36

-to articulate with carpal bones and form wrist joint

Question 37

Which carpal bones articulate with the radius?

Answer 37

scaphoid and lunate

Question 38

The Acetabulum has _________ stability and ______ flexibility

Answer 38

great, poor

Question 39

What is the strongest part of the hip bone?

Answer 39

the ischial tuberosities

Question 40

What is the longest and strongest bone of the body?

Answer 40

femur

Question 41

What type of bone is the patella?

Answer 41

sesamoid