Skin

Question 1

Integument layers

Answer 1

• epidermis
• dermis
• hypodermis

Question 2

Epidermis fxn

Answer 2

• waterproof
• avascular
• protects water loss
• keratinized and stratified squamous

Question 3

Epidermis layers

Answer 3

startum basale –> startum spinosum –> startum granulosum –> (lucidum) –> startum corneum

Question 4

Startum basale

Answer 4

• deepest layer
• one single layer
• stem cells turn into keratinocyte (mitosis)
• melanocyte

Question 5

Startum spinosum

Answer 5

• many layers
• keratinocyte (spines)
• langerhauns (immune)

Question 6

Startum granulosum

Answer 6

• 1-5 layers
• keratinocyte (flattens)
• granules

Question 7

Startum Lucidum

Answer 7

• only in palms of hands and soles of feet

- kertinocyte (dead and flat)

Question 8

Startum Corneum

Answer 8

• kertinocyte (dead and flat w/ keratin)

- protective and waterproof

Question 9

Cells of Epidermis

Answer 9

• Kertinocyte
• Melanocyte
• Langerhauns
• Merkel

Question 10

Kertinocyte

Answer 10

Cells of Epidermis
produce keratin (dead surface)

Question 11

Melanocyte

Answer 11

Cells of Epidermis
produce melanin (UV rays)

Question 12

Langerhans

Answer 12

Cells of Epidermis

macrophages (immune)

Question 13

Merkel

Answer 13

Cells of Epidermis

nerve ending cells

Question 14

Dermis

Answer 14

• fibrous CT layer
• binds body together
• vascular
• nerve fibers, BV, sweat and oil glands, hair follice

Question 15

Dermis Cells

Answer 15

• fibroblasts
• macrophages
• mast cells
• WBC

Question 16

Dermis matrix

Answer 16

semifluid:

• collagen (strength and resilience)
• elastic (stretch)
• reticular

Question 17

Dermis Layers

Answer 17

• papillary layer

- reticular layer

Question 18

Papillary layer

Answer 18

• dermis layer
• areolar CT w/ collagen and elastic fibers
• 20%
• right under epidermis

Question 19

Reticular layer

Answer 19

• dermis layer
• 80%
• vascular (dense and irregular CT)

Question 20

Dermis: BV

Answer 20

• body temp
• 5% blood
• vessels dilate and constrict depending on temp

Question 21

Hypodermis

Answer 21

• areolar and adipose (insulation)

- anchors the skin to muscle –> allows movement of the skin

Question 22

Integument: Protection

Answer 22

• chemical: Acid secretion (UV protection)
• physical: keratin (waterproof)
• biological: Langerhans (macrophages)

Question 23

Integument: Body temp

Answer 23

-regulates: body temp, sweat, dermal BV

Question 24

Integument: Cutaneous Sensation

Answer 24

• Meissners: touch
• Pacinian: pressure (like an onion)
• Root plexus: light touch
• Bare: temp and pain

Question 25

Integument: Metabolic

Answer 25

Vit D synthesis

Question 26

Integument: Blood reservoir

Answer 26

5%

Question 27

Integument: Excretion

Answer 27

sweat, oil, ammonia, urea, uric acid, water

Question 28

Hair parts

Answer 28

- arrector pilli m. : goosebumps - hair follice: surface into dermis - hair bulb: deep end of follicle

Question 29

Hair

Answer 29

- made up of protein (keratin) | - protection

Question 30

Nail parts

Answer 30

- free edge - nail bed - root - lunula - body - matrix

Question 31

Sudorifous glands

Answer 31

aka sweat glands - everywhere on body except on nipples and genitalia - modified sweat glands: mammary and cueruminous

Question 32

Sebacceous

Answer 32

aka oil glands - everywhere except thick skin - secretes sebum (oily and lubricates skin