Skin Flashcards
Review the most common pediatric skin diseases.
Describe:
Eczema (atopic dermatitis)
A condition in which patches of epidermis become inflamed, itchy, red, and scaly.
It is associated with allergies, asthma, or allergic rhinitis.
What are the interventions for eczema (atopic dermatitis)?
- apply cool and wet compresses to soothe the skin
- give antihistamines and topical corticosteroids
- give antibiotics if secondary infections occur
A thin layer of topical corticosteroids can be applied by rubbing gently into the affected area.
Teaching:
Eczema (atopic dermatitis)
- apply nonscented lotion twice a day
- avoid excessive bathing and washing of affected areas
- avoid exposure to skin irritants such as soaps and detergents
- keep nails short and clean, and wear cotton gloves
- monitor lesions for signs of infection
Describe:
Impetigo
A contagious bacterial infection of the skin caused by β-hemolytic streptococci or staphylococci.
It can be a primary infection or occur secondarily at the site of injury or insect bite.
What type of infection precautions are used with impetigo?
Contact and standard precautions: wear gown and gloves.
Describe:
Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)
Small bugs in the hair.
What are the interventions for lice?
- use a special shampoo that kills lice
- remove white eggs by combing with a fine-tooth comb
- treat all family members
- wash linens in hot water
Prevent lice by not sharing hats or brushes.
Describe:
Scabies
A parasite under the skin.
What is the characteristic sign of scabies?
A rash that looks like burrows under the skin.
Treatment:
Scabies
A special cream or lotion that will kill scabies.
Not prescribed for children below 2 years of age because of risk of neurotoxicity and seizures.
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