Skin: Appendages: Subcutaneous Tissue: Secreting Glands

Question 1

The Layers of the Skin

What are the layers of the skin

Answer 1

• Epidermis
• Dermis

Question 2

The Layers of the Skin

• Outer layer
• It is also called squamous since superficial layers of cells have become flat and scaly.

Answer 2

Epidermis

Question 3

The Epidermis

What are the 5 layers of the Epidermis

Answer 3

• Horny layer — stratum corneum
• Clear or translucent layer — stratum lucidum
• Granular layer — stratum granulosum
• Prickle cell layer — stratum spinosum
• Germinal or basal layer — stratum germinativum

Question 4

Layers of Epidermis

Composed of several thicknesses of degenerated cells that have become mere scales with no cellular
structure.

Answer 4

Stratum corneum/Horny Layer or Outer Layer

Question 5

Layers of Epidermis

Consists of tiers of cells that have lost their nuclei and cellular outlines due to the degenerative process.

Answer 5

Stratum lucidum/ Clear or translucent layer

Question 6

Layers of Epidermis

Composed of two or three tiers of flattened cells containing granules.

Answer 6

Stratum granulosum/ Granular layer

Question 7

Layers of Epidermis

• Consists of several tiers of many-sided cells

Answer 7

Stratum Spinosum/ Prickle Cell layer

Question 8

• It is composed of loose (areolar) connective tissue with widely separated cells, with fibrous bands and elastic tissue fibers between.
• Corium, or true skin

Answer 8

The Dermis

Question 9

The Dermis

What are the two layers of the Dermis

Answer 9

• Papillary Layer
• Reticular Layer

Question 10

The Layers of the Dermis

Its outer surface is elevated into tiny projections with hollows between them.

Answer 10

Papillary Layer

Question 11

The Layers of the Dermis

• The cells and fibers form an interlacing network.
• Blood vessels and nerves pass through this layer to reach the papillary layer.

Answer 11

Reticular Layer

Question 12

What are the Appendages of the Skin

Answer 12

• Nails
• Hair
• Sebaceous glands
• Sweat or sudoriferous glands
• Ceruminous glands

Question 13

Appendages of the Skin

Stratum clear layer has thickened to form a hard protective covering.

Answer 13

Nail

Question 14

The Nail

Proximal part that is covered by a fold of skin, and hidden from view.

Answer 14

Nail root

Question 15

The Nail

• Exposed part, with its free edge projecting over the tip of the digit.

Answer 15

Body of the Nail

Question 16

The Nail

Outer horny layer of epidermis at the base of the nail that tends to grow out over the nail body.

Answer 16

Eponychium

Question 17

The Nail

Outer horny layer of epidermis at the base of the nail that tends to grow out over the nail body.

Answer 17

Eponychium

Question 18

Appendages of the Skin

Modification of the epidermis

Answer 18

Hair

Question 19

The Hair

A small canal opening upon the skin surface and extending down the dermis or even the subcutaneous tissue.

Answer 19

Hair follicle

Question 20

The Hair

Part below the skin level lying in a hair follicle.

Answer 20

Root of a hair

Question 21

The Hair

Inner enlarged end of each hair root

Answer 21

The bulb

Question 22

Appendages of the Skin

• Small secreting glands that lie beside and open into hair follicles.
• Secretes oily substance called sebum.
• Lubricates hair and skin.

Answer 22

Sebaceous Gland

Question 23

Appendages of the Skin

• Simple tubelike glands consisting of a single canal or duct, and a coiled secreting part.
• Secrete watery solution containing sodium chloride and minute quantities of other waste products including urea.

Answer 23

Sweat or Sudoriferous Gland

Question 24

Appendages of the Skin

Modified sweat glands located in the external ear that secrete wax into the external acoustic (auditory
meatus)

Answer 24

Ceruminous Glands

Question 25

# Appendages of the Skin Consists of areolar (loose connective tissue) forms a layer between the skin and such structures as muscles, bones, or organs that lie deep to the skin.

Answer 25

Subcutaneous Tissue

Question 26

What are the Functions of the Skin

Answer 26

* **Protective covering** to prevent injury or destruction of underlying tissues. * **Excretes water and some waste products.** * **Helps regulate body temperature.** * **Contains sensory receptors of sensory nerves**, and transmit to the brain, sensations of the external environment.

Question 27

* Glands are organized units of epithelial cells that extract raw materials from capillaries and intercellular spaces and manufacture new substances or secretions.

Answer 27

Secreting Glands

Question 28

What are the two types of Secreting Glands

Answer 28

* Endocrine Glands * Exocrine Glands

Question 29

What are the Classifications of Exocrine Glands

Answer 29

* Simple tubular gland * Branched tubular gland * Simple saccular or alveolar gland * Branch saccular or alveolar gland * Combined tubualveolar gland

Question 30

# The Nail * is the white part of the nail body, shaped like a half-moon close to the nail root

Answer 30

Lunula

Question 31

# Layers of Epidermis * Consists of a layer of columnar cells that forms the deepest part of the skin * Contains a pigment that determines the darkness of skin

Answer 31

Stratum germinativum/ Germinal or basal cell layer