The Thorax: Bones and Joints Flashcards by Ashley Seclon

Q

upper part of the trunk, is a cage composed of bones and cartilages, which affords protection for several very vital organs; the heart with its trunk vessels and the respiratory organs.

A

The Thorax

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Q

The skeleton of the thorax includes
(TV, S, R, C)

A

Thoracic vertebra
Sternum — breast bones
Ribs or costae — 12 pairs
Costa cartilages — 12 pairs

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib and the body of a vertebra

A

Costovertebral

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib and a transverse process of a vertebra

A

Costotransverse

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib cartilage and the sternum

A

Sternocostal or costosternal

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib and its costal cartilage

A

Costochondral

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the adjacent anterior margins of costal cartilage of 6th to 10th ribs.

A

Interchondral

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the sternum and the clavicle

A

Sternoclavicular

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the manubrium and the body of the sternum

A

Manubriosternal

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Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the body of the sternum and its xiphoid process

A

Xiphisternal

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

flat bone

A

Sternum

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Jugular notch (suprasternal notch)
Clavicular notches
Costal notches — complete and half

A

Manubrium

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Costal notches — 4 and half notches

A

Body or gladiolus

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

one-half notch

A

Xiphoid process

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Dorsal extremity or vertebral extremity (end)
Body or shaft with an angle
Ventral extremity or sternal extremity

A

Ribs pairs - 12 pairs

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

is a long bone that lies vertically in the midline of the anterior chest wall.

A

The Sternum

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

What are the 3 parts of the Sternum

A

Manubrium
- Clavicular Notches
The body or gladiolus
- Sternal angle
Xiphoid process
- Costal notches

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

the upper part and represents the handle of the sword.

A

Manubrium

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

depression on the upper surface of the manubrium.

A

Clavicular notches

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

extends from the manubrium to the xiphoid process and is the largest part of the sternum.

A

The body or gladiolus

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

is marked by a prominent transverse ridge at the junction of the manubrium and the body of sternum

A

Sternal angle (angle of Louis or Ludwig)

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

inferior part of the sternum bone

A

Xiphoid process

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

are niches on the lateral margins of the sternum

A

Costal notches

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Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

long, curved, flat bones that form the posterior wall, lateral walls and part of the anterior wall of the thorax.

A

Ribs

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# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax Parts of the Ribs

Dorsal extremity The body The ventral or sternal extremity

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax Parts of the Dorsal extremity of the Ribs

Head Neck Tubercle

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax slightly expanded posterior end ## Footnote Dorsal Extremity

Head

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax slightly constricted part connecting the head to the body ## Footnote Dorsal Extremity

Neck

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax small prominence on the dorsal surface at the junction of the neck and body ## Footnote Dorsal Extremity

Tubercle

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax long flat, curved part that extends from the neck around the chest wall. At its lower margin there is a groove- the costal groove — for an intercostal artery, vein and nerve. ## Footnote Ribs

The body

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax a prominence in front of the neck where the rib becomes bent anteriorly. ## Footnote Ribs

Angle of a rib

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax a prominence in front of the neck where the rib becomes bent anteriorly. ## Footnote Ribs

Angle of a rib

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax anterior end that articulates with its costal cartilage. ## Footnote Ribs

The ventral or sternal extremity

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax has 2 grooves running transversely on its upper anterior surface for the subclavian artery and vein. ## Footnote The ventral or sternal extremity

The first rib

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax have a single articular surface on the head, not two ## Footnote The ventral or sternal extremity

The 1st, 10th, 11th and 12th ribs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax have no tubercles ## Footnote The ventral or sternal extremity

The 11th and 12th ribs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax 12 pairs

Costal cartilages

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax articulating with the sternum separately ## Footnote Costal cartilages

Seven upper ribs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax join the cartilage of rib above ## Footnote Costal cartilages

8th, 9th, and 10th

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax have free anterior ends are so floating ## Footnote Costal cartilages

11th and 12th

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax How many pairs does the True and False ribs have

True ribs - upper seven pairs False ribs - lower five pairs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax How many pairs does the True and False ribs have

True ribs - upper seven pairs False ribs - lower five pairs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax Alternate classifications

Vertebrosternal Vertebrochondral Vertebral ribs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax upper seven pairs ## Footnote Alternate classifications

Verterbrosternal

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax 8th, 9th, and 10th pairs ## Footnote Alternate classifications

Vertebrochondral

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax 11th and 12th pairs ## Footnote Alternate Classifications

Vertebral ribs

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax flat plates of cartilages similar in shape to the adjacent rib.

Costal Cartilages

# Parts and Prominences of the Thorax curved formed by the anterior margins of the 8", 9" and costal cartilages on each side and the rounded tip of the xiphoid process. ## Footnote Costal Cartilages

Costal arch

# Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax What are the structures forming the joints of the Thorax (9)

* Intervertebral and Interarticular joints * Costovertebral joints * Costotransverse joints * Costochondral joints * Sternocostal or costosternal joints * Interchondral joints * Sternoclavicular joints * Manubriosternal joints * Xiphesternal or xiphosternal joints

# Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax Joints of head of ribs and vertebral bodies

Costovertebral Joints

# Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax What type of joint is the Costovertebral joint

Synovial joint

# Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax The movements of the ribs increase the anteroposterior and lateral diameters of chest at inspiration, while the descent of the diaphragm increases the vertical diameter Except for 11th and 12th rib

Costotransverse joints

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax located at the anterior, or sternal, end of a rib and the adjacent costal cartilage.

Costochondral joints

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax Formed by the sternal (anterior) end of a costal cartilage articulating with a costal notch on the lateral margin of the sternum. (upper 7)

Sternocostal or costosternal joints

# Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax What kind of joint is the sternocostal or costosternal joint

Synovial - sliding/gliding/planar joint

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax Located between adjacent anterior margins of the 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th costal cartilages and the rib cartilage above each one.

Interchondral joints

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax Between the sternal end of the clavicle and clavicular notch of the sternum

Sternoclavicular joint

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax What kind of joint is the Sternoclavicular joint

Gliding Joint

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax Between the inferior margin of the manubrium and the upper margin of the body of the sternum, at the sternal angle

Manubriosternal Joint

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax What kind of joint is the Manubriosternal Joint

Cartilaginious joint

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax located between the inferior end of the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process of the sternum

Xiphesternal or xiphosternal joint

# Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax What kind of joint is the Xiphesternal/Xiphosternal joint

cartilaginous joint

# Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax an extra rib may be present on one or both sides above the first rib.

Cervical ribs

# Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax short extra rib that may be present below the 12th rib

Lumbar ribs

# Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax one or more ribs may be absent on one or both sides

Absence of ribs

# Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax the anterior or sternal end of a rib may divide into two parts.

Forked ribs

# Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax the sternum may be depressed so that it lies closer to the thoracic vertebrae than usual.

Pectus excavatum

# Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax promiment sternum may be present

Pigeon chest

Landmarks — Prominences of the Bones of the Chest

Jugular notch Sternal Angle Xiphisternal joint Costal Arch