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SN Pathology final > Skin Pathoma > Flashcards

Skin Pathoma Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Skin composed of

A

Dermis and Epidermis

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2
Q

Epidermis layers

A

St. Basale
St. Spinosum
St. Granulosum
St. Corneum

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3
Q

Dermis consists of

A 
CT
Nerve endings
Blood vessels
Lymphatic vessels
Hair follicles
Sweat glands
Sabaceous glands
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4
Q

Inflammatory dermatoses (5)

A 
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis
Acne vulgaris
Prosiasis
Lichen planus
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5
Q

Atopic dermatitis is associated with

A

Astma and allergic rhinitis

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6
Q

Atopic dermatitis is what reaction

A

Hypersensitivity type I

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7
Q

Atopic dermatitis often involves

A

Face

Flexor surface

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8
Q

Atopic dermatitis=

A

Pruruitic, eryhtematus, oozing rash with vesicles and edema

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9
Q

Contact dermatitis=

A

Pruruitic, eryhtematus, oozing rash with vesicles and edema

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10
Q

Contact dermatitis arises due to

A

Exposure to allergans

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11
Q

Contact dermatitis, what type of allergans evoke it

A

Poison ivy
Chemicals
Drugs

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12
Q

Acne vulgaris=

A

Comedones
Pustules
Nodules

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13
Q

Acne vulgaris is due to

A

Chronic inflammationof hair follicls and associated subaceous glands

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14
Q

Comedones formation

A

Androgens increase sebum production -> Excess keratin blocks follicles

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15
Q

Postules and nodules formation

A

Priopionibacterium acnes produces lipase that break sebum -> FA release

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16
Q

Acne vulgaris treatment

A

Benzoyl peroxide

Vitamin A derivatives

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17
Q

Why give vitamin A in case of Acne vulgaris?

A

Reduces keratin production

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18
Q

Psoriasis=

A

Well circumscribed, salmon colored plaques with silvery scale

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19
Q

Psoriasis common location

A

Extensor surface and scalp

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20
Q

Psoriasis is due to

A

Excessive keratinocyte proliferation

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21
Q

Psoriasis possible autoimmune etiology-

A

HLA-C association

Areas of trauma

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22
Q

Psoriasis on histology will show

A

Acanthosis
Parakeratosis
Neut. in the st. Corneum
Thinning of epidermis

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23
Q

What is acanthosis

A

Epidermal hyperplasia

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24
Q

Treatment for Psoriasis

A

Corticosteroids

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25
Pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papules are indicative of
Lichen planus
26
Lichen planus often appears on
Wrist Elbows Oral mucosa
27
Oral involvment of Lichen planus manifests as
Wickham striae
28
Lichen planus is associated with
Chronic hep. C
29
Blistering dermatoses (4)
Pemphigus vulgaris Bollus pemphigoid Dermatitis herpetiformis Erythrma multiform
30
Pemphigus vulgaris=
Autoimmune destruction of desmosomes between keratinocytes
31
Pemphigus vulgaris is due to
IgG Ab against desmoglein
32
Pemphigus vulgaris is a type __ HSN
II
33
Pemphigus vulgaris presents as
Skin and oral mucosa bullae
34
Bullae=
Large blister containing serous fluid
35
Bollus pemphigoid=
Autoimmune destruction of hemidesmosomes between basal cells and the BM
36
Bollus pemphigoid is due to
IgG Ab against BM collagen
37
Bollus pemphigoid presents as
Blisters of the skin
38
In which skin disease the oral mucosa is spared Pemphigus vulgaris Bollus pemphigoid
Bollus pemphigoid פמפיגוס מתחיל בפ כמו פה
39
Dermatitis herpetiformis=
Autoimmune deposition of IgA at the tips of dermal papillae
40
Dermatitis herpetiformis presents as
Pruritic vesicles and bullae that are grouped
41
Which skin disease has a stromg association with celiac disease?
Dermatitis herpetiformis
42
Erythema multiforme is most commonly due to (~5)
``` HSV Mycoplasma Drugs SLE Malignancy ```
43
Erythema multiforme=
HSN reaction
44
Erythema multiforme characterized by
Targetoid rash and bullae
45
Erythema multiforme with oral mucosa involvement is called
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
46
What is the severe form of SJS?
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
47
Epithelial tumors (4)
Seborrheic keratosis Acanthosis nigricans Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma
48
Seborrheic keratosis=
Bening squamous proliferation
49
Seborrheic keratosis presents as
Raised, disolored plaques on the extremities or face
50
Sudden onset of multiple Seborrheic keratosis is calles
Leser-Trelat sign
51
Leser-Trelat sign suggests
Underlying carcinoma of GI
52
Acanthosis nigricans=
Epidermal hyperplasia with darkening of the skin
53
Acanthosis nigricans is associated with
Insulin resistance | Malignancy
54
What is the most common cutaneous malignancy
Basal cell carcinoma
55
Basal cell carcinoma risk factors
Sunlight Albinism Xeroderma pigmentosum
56
Basal cell carcinoma presents as
Elevated nodule with central ulcerated crater
57
Basal cell carcinoma classic location
Upper lip
58
Skin squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by formation of
Keratin pearls
59
Skin squamous cell carcinoma risk factors
``` Sunlight Albinism Xeroderma pigmentosum Arsenic Immunosuppressive therapy Chronic inflammation ```
60
Skin squamous cell carcinoma presents as
Ulcerated nodular mass usually on the face
61
What is the precursor lesion of Skin squamous cell carcinoma
Actinic keratosis
62
Disorders of pigmentation and melanocytes (6)
``` Vitiligo Albinism Freckle Melasma Nevus Melanoma ```
63
Where are melanocytes present?
Basal layer of epidermis
64
Melanocytes derived from
Neural crest cells
65
Melanocytes synthesize melanin from
Tyrosine
66
Vitiligo=
Loss of skin pigmentation
67
Vitiligo is due to
Autoimmune destraction of skin melanocytes
68
Albinism=
Congenital lack of pigmentation
69
Albinism i usually due to
Enzyme defect like Tyrosinase
70
Albinism has increased risk for
Squamous cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma Melanoma
71
Freckles are due to
Increased number of melanosomes
72
Melasma=
Mask like hyperpigmentation of the cheeks
73
Melasma is associated with
Pregnancy and oral contraceptives
74
Nevus=
Benign neoplasm of melanocytes
75
Other name for nevus
Mole
76
What is the most common cause of death from skin cancer?
Melanoma
77
Melanoma=
Malignant neoplasm of melanocytes
78
Melanoma risk factors
Sun Albinism Xeroderma pigmentosum Dysplastic nevi
79
Melanoma presents as (ABCD)
Asymmetry Borders are irregular Color is not uniform Diameter>6mm
80
Melanoma is characterized by __ growth phase
2
81
Melanoma growth phase
1. Horizontal growth along the epidermis | 2. Vertical growth into deep dermis
82
What is the prognostic factor in predicting metastasis from melanoma?
Breslow thickness- Depth of extension to the dermis
83
Melanoma variants (4)
Superficial spreading Lentigo maligna melanoma Nodular Arcal lentiginous
84
Which melanoma variant has a poor prognosis
Nodular
85
Why nodular melanoma has a poor prognosis?
Early vertical growth
86
Infectious disorders
``` Impetigo Cellulitis Scalded skin syndrome Verruca Molluscum contagiosum ```
87
Impetigo=
Superficial skin infection
88
Impetigo is due to
S. Aureus | S. Pyogeness
89
Cellulitis=
Dermal and subcutaneous infection
90
Cellulitis is due to
S. Aureus | S. Pyogeness
91
Cellulitis presents as
Red tender swollen rash and fever
92
Cellulitis can progress to
Necrotizing fasciitis with necrosis
93
Scalded skin syndrome=
Sloughing of skin with erythematous rash and fever | Skin loss
94
Scalded skin syndrome is due to
S. Aureus exfoliative A and B toxins
95
S. Aureus exfoliative A and B toxins results in the epidermolysis of
Stratum granulosum
96
Verruca=
Flesh colored papules with rough surface
97
Verruca are due to
HPV infection of keratinocytes
98
Verruca is characterized by what change
Koylocytic
99
Verruca common location
Hands and feet
100
Molluscum contagiosum=
Firm pink umbilicated papules
101
Molluscum contagiosum is due to
Poxvirus
102
Molluscum contagiosum most common arise in which population
Children

SN Pathology final (13 decks)

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