Small Animal Intestinal Parasites

Question 1

How do you diagnose nematodes?

Answer 1

Fecal flotation with zinc centrufigation

Question 2

What are the types of nematodes?

Answer 2

1. Roundworms
2. Hookworms
3. Whipworms

Question 3

What is the most common roundworm in dogs and cats?

Answer 3

Toxocara canis

Question 4

What is the zoonotic disease caused by roundworms?

Answer 4

ocular larval migrans

Question 5

How do you treat roundworms?

Answer 5

Piperazine
Pyrantel
Fenbendazole

Question 6

How are roundworms transmitted?

Answer 6

Fecal to oral or transplacental

Question 7

Where do roundworms live?

Answer 7

small intestine

Question 8

What is the most common species of hookworm?

Answer 8

Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala

Question 9

What is the zoonotic disease caused by hookworms?

Answer 9

cutaneous larval migrans

Question 10

How do you treat hookworms?

Answer 10

fenbendazole and pyrantel

Question 11

What does hookworm cause?

Answer 11

hemorrhagic diarrhea and severe anemia

Question 12

How is hookworm transmitted?

Answer 12

fecal to orall
transmammary
percutaneous infections

Question 13

What is the most common whipworm?

Answer 13

Trichuris vulpis

Question 14

How is whipworm transmitted?

Answer 14

fecal to oral

Question 15

What does whipworm cause?

Answer 15

hyperkalemia and hypernatremia

Question 16

Where do whipworms live?

Answer 16

Large intestine

Question 17

What is the most common way to diagnose whipworms?

Answer 17

Have bipolar plugs on the ends

Question 18

How do you treat whipworms?

Answer 18

fenbendazole or milbemycin

Question 19

What are cestodes?

Answer 19

tapeworms

Question 20

What are the most common tapeworms?

Answer 20

1. Dipylidium caninum
2. Echinococcus granlosus
3. Taenia

Question 21

What is the intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum?

Answer 21

flea

Question 22

How is Dipylidium caninum spread?

Answer 22

Swallowing of the flea during grooming

Question 23

How are Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia spread?

Answer 23

Ingestion of infected hyatid cysts during predation of small animals

Question 24

Describe tapeworms

Answer 24

flat and segmented, resemble a grain of rice

Question 25

Were are the eggs in tapeworms?

Answer 25

In the flat segments

Question 26

What are the flat segments of tapeworms called?

Answer 26

proglottids

Question 27

How is tapeworm diagnosed?

Answer 27

Usually through seeing the segments in the feces?

Question 28

Why is tapeworm not easily diagnosed on a fecal float?

Answer 28

The eggs are not always seen unless a proglottid breaks open

Question 29

What is the treatment for tapeworms?

Answer 29

Praziquantel (Drontal and profender)

Question 30

What are trematodes?

Answer 30

Flukes

Question 31

What is the most common fluke?

Answer 31

Fasciola hepatica

Question 32

What animals are flukes most commonly found in?

Answer 32

Sheep or cattle that have been grazing in endemic areas

Question 33

What is the intermediate host of the fluke?

Answer 33

snail so common in moist areas

Question 34

How do you treat flukes?

Answer 34

albendazole

Question 35

What is giardia?

Answer 35

flagellated protozoan or trophozoite

Question 36

How is giardia transmitted?

Answer 36

Fecal to oral usually through contaminated water

Question 37

What does giardia cause?

Answer 37

watery diarrhea

Question 38

Is giardia zoonotic?

Answer 38

Controversial as most species are specific to cats and dogs but should be treated as zoonotic

Question 39

How is giardia treated?

Answer 39

Fenbendazole or metronidazole

Question 40

How is giardia diagnosed?

Answer 40

Cysts can be seen on fecal float but Giardia ELISA test most accurate or trophozoites could be seen on direct smear of fecal sample

Question 41

What is coccidia?

Answer 41

single celled intestinal microscopic parasite

Question 42

What is the most common coccidian in cats and dogs?

Answer 42

Isospora

Question 43

What is the most common coccidia seen in birds and rabbits?

Answer 43

Eimeria

Question 44

How do you treat coccidia?

Answer 44

Sulfadimethoxine

Question 45

What does eimeria cause?

Answer 45

hepatic coccidiosis and lagomorphs

Question 46

How do you diagnose coccidia?

Answer 46

Fecal float or direct smear

Question 47

What is the common name of fenbendazole?

Answer 47

panacur

Question 48

What is the common name of metronidazole?

Answer 48

Flagyl

Question 49

What is the common name of sulfadimethoxine?

Answer 49

Albon

Question 50

What medications have praziquantel in them?

Answer 50

Drontal and Profender

Question 51

What is the common name of milbemycin?

Answer 51

Interceptor