Social psychology test

Question 1

Social psychology

Answer 1

scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 2

attribution theory

Answer 2

we can attribute the behavior to the person’s stable, enduring traits (disposition) or we can attribute it to the situation ( a situational attribution)

Question 3

fundamental attribution error

Answer 3

overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations

Question 4

attitude

Answer 4

feelings that are often influenced by our beliefs that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events

Question 5

peripheral route persuasion

Answer 5

occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues such as a speaker’s attractiveness

Question 6

central route persuasion

Answer 6

occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Question 7

foot in the door phenomenon

Answer 7

tendency for people who have first agreed to small request to comply later with a larger request

Question 8

role

Answer 8

set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Question 9

cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 9

ex when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions clash we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes

Question 10

conformity

Answer 10

adjusting our behavior or thinking toward some group standard

Question 11

normative social influence

Answer 11

influence from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval . conform to gain approval

Question 12

informational social influence

Answer 12

influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept other;s opinions about reality willing to accept other’s opinions as new information

Question 13

automatic mimicry aka….?

Answer 13

chameleon effect

Question 14

what is automatic mimicry

Answer 14

tendency to unconsciously imitate other’s expressions, postures, and voice tones

Question 15

social facilitation

Answer 15

improved performance on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others

Question 16

social loafing

Answer 16

tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when poling their efforts toward attain a common goal than when individually accountable.

Question 17

deindividuation

Answer 17

loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity such as in a riot

Question 18

group polarization

Answer 18

when the beliefs and attitudes www bring to a group grow stronger as we discuss them with like minded others

Question 19

groupthink

Answer 19

mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Question 20

what is groupthink simply

Answer 20

a group is driven by a desire for harmony within a decision-making group, overriding realistic appraisal of alternatives

Question 21

culture

Answer 21

behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

Question 22

norm

Answer 22

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior

Question 23

prejudice

Answer 23

means “prejudgement”, an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group that is often different in culture, ethnicity, or gender

Question 24

what three parts make up prejudice

Answer 24

beliefs, emotions, and predispositions

Question 25

stereotype

Answer 25

generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people

Question 26

discrimination

Answer 26

injustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members

Question 27

difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 27

prejudice is a negative attitude while discrimination is negative actions or behaviors

Question 28

ingroup

Answer 28

"Us" people with whom we share a common identity

Question 29

just-world phenomenon

Answer 29

belief of people that the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get

Question 30

outgroup

Answer 30

"Them" those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup

Question 31

ingroup bias

Answer 31

tendency to favor our own group

Question 32

scapegoat theory

Answer 32

theory that rejoice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Question 33

examples of scapegoat theory

Answer 33

blaming all muslims including innocent ones for 9/11

Question 34

other race effect

Answer 34

tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races

Question 35

aggression

Answer 35

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Question 36

frustration-aggression principle

Answer 36

principle that frustration can create create anger which can spark aggression

Question 37

frustration

Answer 37

blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal

Question 38

social script

Answer 38

cultural provided guide for how to act in various situations

Question 39

mere exposure effect

Answer 39

phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them. ex your in class with someone a lot so you start to like them

Question 40

passionate love

Answer 40

an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship

Question 41

companionate love

Answer 41

deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined

Question 42

equity

Answer 42

in a relationship, both people receive in proportion to what they give

Question 43

self-disclosure

Answer 43

revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

Question 44

alturism

Answer 44

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 45

bystander affect

Answer 45

tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present

Question 46

social exchange theory

Answer 46

the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process. aim is to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Question 47

reciprocity norm

Answer 47

expectation that we should return help, not harm those who have helped us

Question 48

social responsibility norm

Answer 48

an execration that people will help those needing their help

Question 49

conflict

Answer 49

a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Question 50

social trap

Answer 50

situation where we harm our collective well-being by pursuing our personal interests

Question 51

mirror-image perceptions

Answer 51

mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive ex. couples fighting

Question 52

self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 52

belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Question 53

superordinate goals

Answer 53

shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation. ex two fighting groups who need to work together to get water

Question 54

What does GRIT stand for?

Answer 54

graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension-reduction

Question 55

GRIT

Answer 55

a strategy designe to decrease international tensions

Question 56

what four processes influence peace

Answer 56

contact, cooperation, communication, and conciliation

Question 57

scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Answer 57

Social psychology

Question 58

we can attribute the behavior to the person's stable, enduring traits (disposition) or we can attribute it to the situation ( a situational attribution)

Answer 58

attribution theory

Question 59

overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations

Answer 59

fundamental attribution error

Question 60

feelings that are often influenced by our beliefs that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events

Answer 60

attitude

Question 61

occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues such as a speaker's attractiveness

Answer 61

peripheral route persuasion

Question 62

occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Answer 62

central route persuasion

Question 63

tendency for people who have first agreed to small request to comply later with a larger request

Answer 63

foot in the door phenomenon

Question 64

set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Answer 64

role

Question 65

ex when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions clash we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes

Answer 65

cognitive dissonance theory

Question 66

adjusting our behavior or thinking toward some group standard

Answer 66

conformity

Question 67

influence from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval . conform to gain approval

Answer 67

normative social influence

Question 68

influence resulting from one's willingness to accept other;s opinions about reality willing to accept other's opinions as new information

Answer 68

informational social influence

Question 69

chameleon effect

Answer 69

automatic mimicry aka....?

Question 70

tendency to unconsciously imitate other's expressions, postures, and voice tones

Answer 70

what is automatic mimicry

Question 71

improved performance on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others

Answer 71

social facilitation

Question 72

tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when poling their efforts toward attain a common goal than when individually accountable.

Answer 72

social loafing

Question 73

loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity such as in a riot

Answer 73

deindividuation

Question 74

when the beliefs and attitudes www bring to a group grow stronger as we discuss them with like minded others

Answer 74

group polarization

Question 75

mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Answer 75

groupthink

Question 76

a group is driven by a desire for harmony within a decision-making group, overriding realistic appraisal of alternatives

Answer 76

what is groupthink simply

Question 77

behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

Answer 77

culture

Question 78

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior

Answer 78

norm

Question 79

means "prejudgement", an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group that is often different in culture, ethnicity, or gender

Answer 79

prejudice

Question 80

beliefs, emotions, and predispositions

Answer 80

what three parts make up prejudice

Question 81

generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people

Answer 81

stereotype

Question 82

injustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members

Answer 82

discrimination

Question 83

prejudice is a negative attitude while discrimination is negative actions or behaviors

Answer 83

difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Question 84

"Us" people with whom we share a common identity

Answer 84

ingroup

Question 85

belief of people that the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get

Answer 85

just-world phenomenon

Question 86

"Them" those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup

Answer 86

outgroup

Question 87

tendency to favor our own group

Answer 87

ingroup bias

Question 88

theory that rejoice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Answer 88

scapegoat theory

Question 89

blaming all muslims including innocent ones for 9/11

Answer 89

examples of scapegoat theory

Question 90

tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races

Answer 90

other race effect

Question 91

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Answer 91

aggression

Question 92

principle that frustration can create create anger which can spark aggression

Answer 92

frustration-aggression principle

Question 93

blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal

Answer 93

frustration

Question 94

cultural provided guide for how to act in various situations

Answer 94

social script

Question 95

phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them. ex your in class with someone a lot so you start to like them

Answer 95

mere exposure effect

Question 96

an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship

Answer 96

passionate love

Question 97

deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined

Answer 97

companionate love

Question 98

in a relationship, both people receive in proportion to what they give

Answer 98

equity

Question 99

revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

Answer 99

self-disclosure

Question 100

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Answer 100

alturism

Question 101

tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present

Answer 101

bystander affect

Question 102

the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process. aim is to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Answer 102

social exchange theory

Question 103

expectation that we should return help, not harm those who have helped us

Answer 103

reciprocity norm

Question 104

an execration that people will help those needing their help

Answer 104

social responsibility norm

Question 105

a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Answer 105

conflict

Question 106

situation where we harm our collective well-being by pursuing our personal interests

Answer 106

social trap

Question 107

mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive ex. couples fighting

Answer 107

mirror-image perceptions

Question 108

belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Answer 108

self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 109

shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation. ex two fighting groups who need to work together to get water

Answer 109

superordinate goals

Question 110

graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension-reduction

Answer 110

What does GRIT stand for?

Question 111

a strategy designe to decrease international tensions

Answer 111

GRIT

Question 112

contact, cooperation, communication, and conciliation

Answer 112

what four processes influence peace