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NREMT® Paramedic > EMT-P (3) Trauma > Soft Tissue Trauma > Flashcards

Soft Tissue Trauma Flashcards

Learn the different interventions and causes of soft tissue trauma

1
Q

What is the largest organ of the human body?

A

Skin

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2
Q

Define

Blunt Injury

A

Injury from direct energy transfer between an object and the patient

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3
Q

What is the leading form of injury?

A

Soft Tissue Trauma

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the skin?

A
  • Protects underlying tissues
  • Temp regulation
  • Prevents water loss
  • Sensory organ for brain
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5
Q

Fill in the Blank

The three layers of the skin are the _____ , _____ and _____

A

Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous

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6
Q

What does the Epidermis protect from?

A
  • Water
  • Dust
  • Microorganisms
  • Mechanical Stress
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7
Q

What layer of skin are vessels located in?

A

Dermis

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8
Q

Describe the purpose of Collagen

A
  • Gives strength to skin
  • Resistance to breakage
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9
Q

Fill in the Blank

_____ gives elasticity to skin

A

Elastin

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10
Q

List

The structures that can be found within the Dermis

A
  • Nerves
  • Vessels
  • Sweat Glands
  • Hair Follicles
  • Sebaceous Gland
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11
Q

The tissue layer beneath the Dermis is the ______

A

Subcutaneous

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12
Q

What are Skin Tension Lines?

A

Taughtness of skin that varies throughout the body

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13
Q

Define

Closed Wound

A

Soft tissues beneath the surface are injured without breaking the Epidermis

Ex: Contusion

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14
Q

Define

Open Wound

A

Disruption of the skin

Ex: Abrasions, lacerations, bites, impaled objects

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15
Q

What can result from a crush injury?

A

Compartment Syndrome

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16
Q

What is Compartment Syndrome?

A

Anaerobic metabolism occurs because arterial flow and oxygenated blood is cut off, creating pyruvic acid

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17
Q

List the 5 steps in Wound Healing

A
  • Hemostasis
  • Inflammation
  • Epitheliazation
  • Neovascularization
  • Collagen Synthesis
18
Q

Define

Hemostasis

A

Bleeding stops because of the clotting cascade

19
Q

Define

Inflammation

A

White blood cells move to an injured site and repair/kill pathogens that have entered the area

20
Q

Define

Epithelialization

A

Epithelial cells are moved up to damaged epithelial cells

21
Q

Define

Neovascularization

A

Formation of new blood vessels

22
Q

List

High-risk wounds for infections

A
  • Human Bite
  • Animal Bite
23
Q

What do you do to an impaled object in a patient?

A

Do NOT Remove

24
Q

Signs/Symptoms

Infection on the skin

A
  • Erythema
  • Pus
  • Warmth
  • Edema
  • Discomfort
25
Q

What anaerobic, toxin-producing bacterium is responsible for gangrene?

A

Clostridium Perfringens

26
Q

Signs/Symptoms

Tetanus

A
  • Lock Jaw
  • Stiff Neck

Progressive stiffness throughout the body

27
Q

What is

What is Necrotizing Fascititis?

A

Death of tissue from bacterial infection

28
Q

Treatment

Closed Wounds

Hint: I-C-E-S

A
  • Ice/Cold Packs
  • Compression
  • Elevate
  • Splint
29
Q

Define

Rhabdomyolysis

A

Damaged muscles release myoglobin

30
Q

The tissue beneath the Subcutaneous layer is called the ____ ____

A

Deep Fascia

31
Q

What bacteria is commonly responsible for Necrotizing Fascititis?

A

Staphylococus Auerus

32
Q

Treatment

Open Wounds

A
  • Control Bleeding
  • Keep Clean
  • Irrigation if contaminated
33
Q

Treatment

Neck Lacerations

A

Occlusive Dressing

34
Q

When treating, dressing or stabilizing a hand/wrist injury, what position should the hand be placed in

A

Position of Function

Place a gauze roll in the hand

35
Q

Treatment

Abrasion

A

Cover lightly with sterile dressing

36
Q

Treatment

Laceration

A
  • Direct Pressure
  • Dressing
  • Toruniquet if severe
37
Q

Treatment

Impaled Objects

A
  • Do NOT remove
  • Bleeding control with compression
  • Do NOT shorten object unless cumbersome
  • Stabilize with bulky dressing and immobilize if possible
38
Q

Treatment

Avulsion of Skin

A
  • Clean/Irrigate avulsed tissue
  • Place back in anatomic position
  • Cover with Dry Sterile Dressing
39
Q

How do you transport an amputated body part?

A
  • Rinse debris
  • Wrap part in loose saline-moistened gauze
  • Seal in bag
  • Place in cool container
40
Q

Treatment

Crush Syndrome

A
  • Obtain IV prior to removal
  • Use Normal Saline
  • Sodium Bicarb
  • Mannitol
  • 25G D50 w/ 10 IU Insulin
  • Calcium (only if dysrhythmias)
41
Q

What is the urine output goal for Crush Syndrome?

A

300ml/hr

42
Q

What is the urine output goal for Crush Syndrome?

A

300ml/hr

EMT-P (3) Trauma (10 decks)

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