Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology 2 > Spinal Cord-Nervous system part 2 > Flashcards

Spinal Cord-Nervous system part 2 Flashcards

(84 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Where does the spinal cord start and end?

A

-Continues from the medulla oblongata (foramen magnum) to the conus medullaris (at the disc betweeen L1 and L2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the cervical enlargement start and end?

A

From C4-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the lumbar enlargment start and end?

A

From T9-T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the filum terminale arise from?

A

Arises from the conus medullaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the Filum terminale?

A

Anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or false?

The spinal cord contans the major reflex center.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 4 different plexuses of the spinal cord?

A
  1. Cervical plexus
  2. Brachial plexus
  3. Lumbar plexus
  4. Sacral plexus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the white matter?

A

High speed travel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the gray matter?

A

Descion making

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Label 1-3

A

1=Spinal cord
2=Conus medullaris (tip of spinal cord)
3=CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

True or false?

The spinal cord is completly surrounded by the vertebra?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 forms of protection that the spinal cord has?

A
  1. The vertebra
  2. Meninges
  3. Intervertebral discs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of CSF?

A

Acts as a shock absorber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the intervertebral discs?

A

Allows for compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or false?

The spinal meninges are continuous with the crainial menininges.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do the meninges extend to?

A

The level of S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three layers of the meninges from deep to superficial?

A
  1. Pia mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Dura mater
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the three spaces between the meninges?

A
  1. Epidural space
  2. Subdural space
  3. Subarachnoid space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the epidural space located?

A

Between the dura mater and the vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is the subarachnoid space located?

A

Between the arachnoid and the pia maters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the subarachnoid space contain?

A

It contains CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

If somone was in need of a sample test for menningitus, where would you draw the sample from? Why?

A

-From betweeen the spinous processees of L3/L4
-We do this so that we have no chance of hitting the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the 2 types of meningitus?

A
  1. Bacterial
  2. Viral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why dont we take a sample from L4/L5?

A

Because at that level, there is a lot more tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
26
Where do spinal nerves exit?
The intervertebral foramina
27
How many spinal nerves are there in the; 1. Cervical level 2. Thoracic level 3. Lumbar level 4. Sacral level 5. Coccygeal
1. C=8 2. T=12 3. L=5 4. Sacral=5 5. Coccygeal=1
28
# True of false? All spinal cord segments are aligned with thier respective vertebra.
False
29
At what vertebral level does the spinal cord end at?
L1/L2
30
Which spinal nerves exit to their respective vertebral foramina?
The roots of lumbar, sacral and coccygeal nerves
31
Which way does the root of the lumbar, sacral and coccygeal nerves descend?
On an angle
32
What is the cauda equina?
The spinal nerves located at the end of the spinal cord
33
What are the spinal nerves formed by?
2 roots from the spinal cord 1. Posterior (dorsal) root 2. Anterior (ventral) root
34
What system does the posterior (doral) root control?
Sensory
35
What system does the anterior (ventral) root control?
Motor
36
# True or false? All spinal nerves are mixed.
True
37
What does the dorsal root contain?
Contains only axons of sensory neurons
38
What does the dorsal root ganglion contain?
Cell bodies of sensory neurons
39
Label 1-5
1. Spinous process of verebra 2. Subarachnoid space 3. Dura and arachnoid mater 4. Pia mater 5. Epidural space
40
What two fissures are located in the white matter?
1. Anterior median fissure 2. Posterior median fissure
41
Label 1-10
42
What are the 3 horns located in the grey matter?
1. Posterior (dorsal) horn 2. Lateral horn 3. Anterior (ventral) horn
43
What is the commissure?
The cross bar of "H"
44
Where does the central canal extend?
The entire length of the spinal cord
45
What is the central canal filled with?
CSF
46
What does the posterior (dorsal) horn contain?
1. Incoming sensory neurons 2. Cell bodies and unmyelinated axons of interneurons
47
What does the anterior (ventral) horn contain?
1. Somatic motor nuclei 2. Nerve impulses for contraction of skeletal muscles
48
Where is the lateral horn located?
In T and L segments of the spine
49
What does the lateral horn contain?
1. Autonomic and enteric motor nuclei 2. Clusters of cell bodies of motor neurons that regulate the heart, glands, smooth muscle
50
How is the white matter divided?
By columns
51
What are the 3 columbs of the white matter?
1. Posterior (dorsal) column 2. Lateral column 3. Anterior (ventral) column
52
What do each of the columns located in the white matter contain?
Tracts (bundles of axons in the CNS)
53
# True or false? Sensory tracts are ascending.
True
54
# True or false? Motor tracts are ascending.
False; descending
55
# True or false? The lateral and anterior columns are ascending and descending.
True
56
Label 1-10
57
What do spinal nerves branch into aftr passing through the intervertebral foramina?
They branch into rami
58
# True or false? The branches of the spinal nerves go directly to the area they supply.
FALSE; they do not go directly to the area that they supply; EXEPT for the intercoastal nerves T2-T12
59
What do branches of the spinal nerves form?
They form networks called a plexus
60
What are the 5 plexus' of the body?
1. Cervical 2. Brachial 3. Lumbar 4. Sacral 5. Coccygeal
61
Where does the cervical plexus start and end?
From C1-C5
62
What part of the body recieves nerves from the cervical plexus?
The head, neck, superior part of chest and shoulders
63
Where do the phrenic nerves arise from?
The cervical plexus at the levels of C3, C4 and C5
64
What is the function of the phrenic nerves?
They supply the motor neurons to the diaphragm
65
What are the names of the muscels affected by the cervical plexus?
1. Sternocliedomastoid 2. Erector spinae 3. Levator scapulae
66
What is the brachial plexus formed by?
The anterior rami of C5-C8 and T1
67
**What are the major nerves supplied by the brachial plexus?**
1. Musculocutaneuous 2. Axillary 3. Radial 4. Median 5. Ulnar 6. Long thoracic
68
Where does the lumbar plexus arise from?
The roots from L1 to L4
69
What part of the body does the lumbar plexus supply nerves to?
1. Anterolateral abdominal wall 2. External genitals 3. Anterior part of lower limbs
70
What are the major nerves supplied by the lumbar plexus?
1. Femoral 2. Obturator 3. Saphenous
71
Where does the sacral plexus arise from?
The roots of L4-S4
72
What parts of the body does the sacral plexus supply nerves to?
1. Buttocks 2. Perineum (genitals) 3. Posterior part of lower limbs
73
What is the major nerve supplied by the sacral plexus?
The siatic nerve
74
What does the sciatic nerve travel through, and what does it branch into?
-Travels through the greater sciatic notch -Branches into tibial and common fibular nerves at the knee
75
What is sensory stimuli from diaphragm often interpreted as?
Often interpreted as pain over shoulder and lower neck
76
What nerve is responsible for the wrist drop?
The radial nerve
77
What nerve is responsible for winging of the scapula?
The long thoracic nerve
78
What are dermatomes?
-Areas of skin suppled by sensory neurons from a single spinal nerve -Useful to determine neurologic levels
79
What are the 3 different types of reflexes that the spinal cord is responsible for?
1. Patellar reflex 2. Pupillary light reflex 3. Babinski sign
80
What is the method of injury for this patient?
Spinal cord compressed due to extreme hyperflexion
81
What projection is this and how would you best represent this?
It is an AP oblique 45 degree with a 15 degree cephlad angle
82
What projection is this and how would you best represent this?
True lateral thoracic spine
83
What projection is this and how would you best represent this?
True lateral lumbar spine
84
What projection is this and how would you best represent this?
AP axial 15 degree cephlad angle of the sacrum

Anatomy and Physiology 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions