Sports nutrition and metabolism lab report

Question 1

Does a CHO mouth rinse improve short duration endurance exercise performance in the fed state?

Answer 1

Well established that CHO administration (oral or IV) during exercise can delay fatigue and / or improve endurance exercise performance in more prolonged events

CHO feeding during exercise is heavily researched

The performance benefits of CHO administration during exercise have been explained by a delaying of the depletion of muscle and/or liver glycogen during exercise and/or the maintenance of blood glucose concentrations and glucose oxidation rates.

However it also helps when CHO availability is not a limiting factors, this is not the case if it is intravenously administered, only if ingested

The implication of this work has been that the presence of CHO in the mouth is already sufficient to have an ergogenic benefit, via a mechanism that influences metabolism

However most of these studies were done in the fasting state, and this is not ecologically valid, would we expect the same results in the fed state?

So test will be done in the fed state

will be 15 min performance test - can we reveal the mechanism by which the performance effects can be seen? (peripheral vs central)

Outcome measures:
Endurance exercise performance during a 15 min work output trial
RPE during exercise performance
CHO oxidation rates during exercise
Blood glucose concentrations during exercise
Blood lactate concentrations during exercise
Heart rate during exercise

Question 2

1750 words

Answer 2

title = no more than 150 characters including spaces

no abstract

Introduction - background, establish rationale and research question

Methods:
Participant details
Experimental design
Protocol - diagram
Measurement techniques

Results- graphs/tables and Text

Discussion (KEY)
Main findings
Critical comparison to the literature

References

Appendices

Summary table of relevant papers - start with this DO THIS

Question 3

Title

Answer 3

Focus in on a single variable

For example RPE

Comparisons:
Sex difference and placebo versus CHO

Question 4

Methods?

Answer 4

Participant characteristics

Experimental design:
Crossover RCT

Supplement details
Mouth wash cho vs sweetener

Protocol:
Diagram may help - use it to save words

Data collection:
What measures?
How were measurements made?

Data analysis:
Any calculations or normalisation e.g. fatigue index
Statistical analysis

Question 5

Results:

Answer 5

Plot group mean data with error bars depicting SD
Present data in either graph or table form - not both

In the results text, describe the data patterns - effects of condition, time and condition*time interaction effects

Use % change if helpful

Blend in the statistics i.e. use statistics to describe your data

No SPSS output tables in the results section

Question 6

Results?

Answer 6

Statistical analysis:
2 ways repeated measures ANOVA
Condition (cho vs placebo)
Bout?

Output:
Condition effect
Time effect
Time * condition effect

Question 7

Examples result text -

Answer 7

Exercise time-to-task failure was significantly longer in the caffeine trial (p = 0.016, main condition effect), with the total exercise time accrued over the five exercise sets 17.9 ± 6.0% longer in the caffeine (1,225 ± 86 s) than in the placebo trial (1,049 ± 73 s, p = 0.016).
 The time-to-task failure was decreased by 27.1 ± 7.8% and 31.2 ± 5.5% from sets 1 to 5 in the placebo and caffeine trials, respectively (p = 0.011, main time effect, Figure 2A). The difference between conditions remained consist- ent across the exercise sets.

Question 8

Discussion?

Answer 8

First paragraph - main findings (answer your research question)

Compare and contrast to the research literature:
Are the findings the same
Are the findings different
Why are they different, participants, dose, protocol, measurements?

Can you link limitations into what they different and how that has affected your study

Mechanism

SO WHAT!!! - who’s interested, why, what does it mean

Issues to consider:

Dose/duration
Sex difference
Research evidence
Relevance of the work
Application of the work

Question 9

Table of evidence: can do this for dissertation

Answer 9

Reference
Participant characteristics
Intervention/supplementation protocol
Exercise protocol
Effects of intervention/supplementation

Question 10

RPE important variable to look at for mouthwash experiment

Answer 10

ok,

Question 11

caffeine questions can be in exam, make notes on it from intro lecture

Answer 11

ok

Question 12

Can split participants into makes and females

Answer 12

ok

Question 13

When looking at a paper?

Answer 13

Critical review questions

1. What is the research question?
2. What is the justification for the study?
3. What are the participant characteristics?
4. Experimental Design
5. What is the dosing strategy and exercise challenge?
6. Is there a control group for comparison?
7. What are the outcome measures and will they allow the research question to be answered?
8. Are there any limitations to the study design?
9. What are the main findings of the study?
10. On the basis of these data would you recommend the supplement?