ss and cultural variations in attachment

Question 1

what are the characteristics of secure attachment

Answer 1

have harmonious and cooperative interactions
not likely to cry when carer leaves the room
shows some distress when left with a stranger
when anxious they seek close bodily contact

Question 2

characteristics of insecure avoidant attachment (4)

Answer 2

tend to avoid social interactions and intamacy with others.

little response to separation

do not seek proximity of carer on reunion.
happy to explore with/without presense of carer
high levels of anxiousness

Question 3

characteristics of insecure resistant attachment

Answer 3

both seeks and resists intimacy and social interactions.

react with intense and immediate distress with separation from carer.

on reunion they resist and seek contact eg resist being picked up and and try other means to maintain proximity.

Question 5

what is the methodology for the ss

Answer 5

controlled laboratory observation

Question 6

what was the aim of the ss

Answer 6

to investigate and classify attachment type by conducting controlled laboratory observation

Question 7

what are cultural variations

Answer 7

variations in social practices between groups and its effects

Question 8

why study ccv in attach

Answer 8

to look for differences in attachment styles and if there is a difference why is that

Question 9

what are most ccv studies classed as

Answer 9

natural experiments as they are not manipulating the IV but taking advantage of preexisting child rearing practices

Question 10

definition of meta analysis

Answer 10

findings from multiple studies are put together and analysed to look for an overall effect

Question 11

what was the aims of the van ijzendoorn and kroonenburg study

Answer 11

to research whether ccv really exist or if it is down to research error. and if there is intra cultural differences

Question 12

procedures for VI+K

Answer 12

conducted meta analysis of the findings from 32 studies of attachment behaviour. in total 2000+ ss classifications in 8 countries

Question 13

findings of VI+K

Answer 13

differences were small, secure was the most common in all countries.
insecure avoidant was the second most common in all countries except israel and japan where they had insecure resistant.

there was 1.5x greater differences within cultures than the variation between cultures

Question 14

conclusions of VI+K

Answer 14

despite the fact that there were cultural variations in infant care arrangments, the strongest attachments were with mothers.

but there are differences in patterns of attachment that can be related to differences in cultural attitudes + practices.