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Social Studies > SS8-WH > Flashcards

SS8-WH Flashcards

1
Q

Who invented democracy?

A

The Athenians (Greece)

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2
Q

What were the names of the two leagues of Greek city-states that grouped up and fought each other?

A

The Delian League (Athens and its allies) and the Peloponnesian League (Sparta and Athens’ enemies)

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3
Q

Who won the war between the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League?

A

The Peloponnesian League (Sparta and Athens’ enemies)

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4
Q

Who eventually conquered the Greek city-states?

A

The Macedonians

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5
Q

Who ruled the Macedonian empire while it was expanding very rapidly?

A

Alexander the Great

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6
Q

The Macedonian empire spread ______ ideals throughout the Middle East, Asia and eastern Europe

A

Greek ideals

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7
Q

Who ruled after Alexander the Great died?

A

Cleopatra

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8
Q

Who invented geometry, basic concepts of engineering, and the philosophy of self-control?

A

Hellenistic scholars

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9
Q

The body of myths of the gods and the natural world, devised by the Greeks, is known as

A

mythology

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10
Q

Dominant political system of the Western world?

A

Democracy

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11
Q

When the Latins formed a single city-state called Rome, they became known as the _____

A

Romans

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12
Q

Who ruled Rome in the early days?

A

The Etruscans, a cultural group all over Italy. They were thrown over in 508 BC and a republic was formed.

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13
Q

The Roman republic consisted of a ____-member senate

A
  1. To keep anyone from having too much power.
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14
Q

The system of checks and balances (senate having some power, executive branch had some power) was created by the _____

A

Romans

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15
Q

How did Rome expand?

A

Through conquests and invasions

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16
Q

How did a Roman emperor come to be?

A

There were a lot of civil wars because of social inequality, and powerful leaders ended up becoming dictators (and then emperors)

17
Q

A 200-year span of peace and prosperity in Rome

A

Pax Romana

18
Q

Eventually, the Roman empire was split into the Western and Eastern Roman empires, with capitals in:

A

Western Empire - Rome. Eastern Empire - Constantinople.

19
Q

Did the Roman empire fall quickly?

A

No, it was gradual, through heavy taxes, poor leaders, etc.

20
Q

When was the Medieval Era?

A

500 - 1500 AD

21
Q

In the 700s, which emperor expanded what was located in modern-day France into what is now Italy and Germany?

A

Emperor Charlemagne

22
Q

Charlemagne saw himself as the founder of a new _______ ______ ______

A

Christianized Roman Empire

23
Q

After Charlemagne died, his heirs couldn’t maintain it

A

TRUE

24
Q

Another great empire of the 700s was the _______ ______

A

Byzantine Empire

25
Q

The Byzantine Empire emerged from the ruins of the ______ _____ _____

A

Eastern Roman Empire

26
Q

Who rebuilt Constantinople as ruler of the Byzantine empire?

A

Emperor Justinian

27
Q

Where did the Byzantine Empire expand to by 1360 AD?

A

As far west as Italy, as far south as Spain

28
Q

Around the 1300s, the Christians split into two different churches:

A

the Roman Catholic church, and the Eastern Orthodox Church

29
Q

When did the Byzantine empire fall?

A

in the 1450s, when the Turks invaded Constantinople

30
Q

An English document that reserved some rights for the nobles, later extended to include common people as well

A

Magna Carta

31
Q

In 1215, nobles forced ____ ____ to sign the Magna Carta

A

King John

32
Q

When was Parliament created?

A

When the Magna Carta was reformed

33
Q

A war between France and England, very long and bloody

A

The Hundred Years War

34
Q

A global plague that swept through Europe from ____ to _____

A

Black Plague, 1347 to 1353

35
Q

Where was the Black Plague from?

A

China, brought to Europe by fleas on rats on ships

36
Q

How many people died from the Black Death in Europe?

A

25 million (1/3 of the European population)

37
Q

In later medieval times, _______ spread to the upper and middle class

A

education

38
Q

Under this system, local lords governed their own lands, having farmers and peasants who work the land for protection and basic services

A

feudal systems

39
Q

People from the feudal system didn’t have much opportunity, so they went to cities to seek their fortune. These people were known as:

A

Merchant class

Social Studies (11 decks)

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