Story of us Part 1

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 2

What is the role of DNA?

Answer 2

store genetic information and control cell activities

Question 3

How is DNA stored in eukaryotes?

Answer 3

linear chromosomes

Question 4

How is DNA stored in prokaryoytes?

Answer 4

circular chromosome and plasmids

Question 5

What shape is DNA?

Answer 5

double helix

Question 6

What is DNA made of?

Answer 6

nucleotides

Question 7

What are nucleotides made of?

Answer 7

sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base

Question 8

What are the four nitrogenous bases making up nucleotides?

Answer 8

Thymine, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 9

How are nucleotides joined together?

Answer 9

covalent bonds

Question 10

What is the covalent bond of nucleotides between?

Answer 10

sugar and phosphate

Question 11

What does the covalent bond between the sugar and phosphate bases make?

Answer 11

sugar phosphate backbone

Question 12

What is the sugar phosphate backbone made of?

Answer 12

covalent bond between sugar base and phosphate base

Question 13

What is Adenine paired with?

Answer 13

Thymine

Question 14

What is Thymine paired with?

Answer 14

Adenine

Question 15

What is Guanine paired with?

Answer 15

Cytosine

Question 16

What is Cytosine paired with?

Answer 16

Guanine

Question 17

What does RNA stand for?

Answer 17

ribonucleic acid

Question 18

How are RNA nucleotides joined together?

Answer 18

form a single strand

Question 19

How are the nucleotides joined together in RNA?

Answer 19

covalent bond between sugar base and phosphate base

Question 20

How is RNA different to DNA with strands?

Answer 20

RNA is single stranded

Question 21

How is RNA different to DNA with the type of sugar?

Answer 21

RNA is ribonucleic
DNA is deoxyribonucleic

Question 22

How is RNA different to DNA with bases?

Answer 22

RNA has uracil instead of thymine

Question 23

Where is messenger RNA formed?

Answer 23

nucleus of cell

Question 24

Where is transfer RNA found?

Answer 24

cytoplasm

Question 25

What is the role of messenger RNA?

Answer 25

copies sequences of bases in transcription

Question 26

What is the role of transfer RNA?

Answer 26

picks up amino acids from from cytoplasm to form protein in translation

Question 27

What is a gene?

Answer 27

part of DNA that codes for protein

Question 28

What is every three bases called?

Answer 28

codon

Question 29

What is an allele?

Answer 29

version of gene coding for different protein

Question 30

What is a genome?

Answer 30

copy of all organisms DNA

Question 31

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 31

contains two copies of 23 chromosomes

Question 32

What is a haploid cell?

Answer 32

contains one copy of 23 chromosomes

Question 33

What types of genetic variation are there?

Answer 33

genetic, environmental, both

Question 34

What does genetic variation mean?

Answer 34

different versions of genes

Question 35

What does environmental variation mean?

Answer 35

environment affects development

Question 36

What are the two types of variations?

Answer 36

continuous and discontinuous

Question 37

What does continuous variation mean?

Answer 37

smooth range

Question 38

What does discontinuous variation mean?

Answer 38

specific categories

Question 39

What does homozygous mean?

Answer 39

both chromsomes have same allele

Question 40

What is a dominant allele?

Answer 40

only needs one allele present to be expressed

Question 41

What is a recessive allele?

Answer 41

needs both alleles present to be expressed

Question 42

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 42

both contain one of each allele

Question 43

What is a genotype?

Answer 43

combination of 2 alleles possessed by an individual

Question 44

What is a phenotype?

Answer 44

physical characteristics decided by 2 alleles

Question 45

What is monogenic inheritance?

Answer 45

characteristic controlled by single gene

Question 46

What is polygenic inheritance?

Answer 46

characteristic controlled by multiple genes

Question 47

What is sex determination in humans?

Answer 47

50:50

Question 48

What does codominance mean?

Answer 48

three possible phenotypes due to combination of two alleles