Respiration Flashcards
What is aerobic respiration?
respiration using oxygen to release energy from breaking down glucose
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H20
What is anaerobic respiration?
respiration without oxygen that releases less energy
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
glucose -> lactic acid (cramp causing)
What is ATP?
adenosine triphosphate, releases energy quickly
What is cellular respiration?
an exothermic reaction that continuously occurs in cells and releases energy from breaking down nutrients
Give examples of uses of energy
active transport
movement
cell division
building larger molecules
What is the word equation for anaerobic equation in plants and fungi?
glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Explain why oxygen debt may occur when exercising
When muscles are worked very hard they need large mounts of energy to contract, more than can be produced in aerobic respiration. Glycogen stored in muscle cells is broken down into glucose and used to respire anaerobically. (explain about build up of lactic acid and cramps)
What is oxygen debt?
Lactic acid builds up and causes cramps. The lactic acid is transported to the liver to be oxidised. This is why we keep breathing heavily after exercise to supply the extra oxygen needed to dispose of the lactic acid. The volume of oxygen needed to oxidise the lactic acid is the oxygen debt.
Explain the seed germination experiment
As the peas in the first flask grow they begin to respire and release heat. the thermos flask is insulated meaning heat is not transferred to the surroundings which enables you to measure the change in temperature.
In both thermos flasks the peas are soaked in bleach. This kills any bacteria because otherwise it would respire also and affect results.
We could also use gas delivery tubes to collect any gas produced and then bubble the gas through limewater to see if CO2 was produced.
The flask with the dead peas in would not respire so there would be no temperature change.
Explain the hydrogen carbonate indicator and insects experiment
The indicator is red but turns yellow when carbon dioxide is present (has been produced by respiration)
Explain investigating anaerobic respiration in yeast
This can be used to investigate the effect of changing a single variable on the rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast. The dependent variable could be time taken for limewater to become cloudy OR you could connect the delivery tube to a gas syringe to measure the volume of CO2 produced.
