Study guide 12-13

Question 1

What transducer type is if the crystal is damaged there is no image

Answer 1

Mechanical

Question 2

What is the typical value for electrical single in phased array transducer

Answer 2

10 nanoseconds ?

Question 3

What transducer creates a beam that is focused in all planes and all depths

Answer 3

With 2-D array transducers, the sound beams are electronically focused in both the lateral and thickness planes ( used for 3D imaging) pg 191

Question 4

What is the image shape for a vector array

Answer 4

Flat top/ trapezoid

Question 5

What transducer has active elements in rings

Answer 5

Annular phased array

Question 6

which transducer has active elements in straight lines

Answer 6

Linear (page 168 MW)

Question 7

What is the advantage of a 1 ½ D array transducer ?

Answer 7

has numerous crystals arrange side by side. Has multiple crystals in the up and down direction.

Question 8

What type of resolution is improved with a 1 ½ D array transducer ?

Answer 8

Improves elevational resolution

Question 9

Transducer has active elements that are bowed

Answer 9

convex (page 168 MW)

Question 10

Phased array always means

Answer 10

Adjustable, multifocuses

Question 11

Liner switch or sequential has what type of steering

Answer 11

Phasing

Question 12

Drop out from top to bottom what transducer has that type of crystal

Answer 12

Convex&Linear (AL pg 187)

Question 13

Horizontal /side to side

Answer 13

Annular Phased array

Question 14

What type of transducer Mechanically steered and fixed and singular focused

Answer 14

Mechanical transducer

Question 15

The use of more active elements to receive reflections with a great time of flight is called what

Answer 15

Dynamic Aperture(AL????)pg 194

Question 16

Displaying with both real time and Doppler is called what

Answer 16

Duplex (AL)

Question 17

The ability to accurately locate moving structures at any particular instance is what type of resolution

Answer 17

Temporal

Question 18

what will affect the pules in a single image

Answer 18

Number of focal points, sector size, line density

Question 19

If the imaging depth of view is doubled what happens to the frame rate

Answer 19

it is halved (question 4 page 210 MW)

Question 20

Sector size that will use fewer pulses

Answer 20

Narrow

Question 21

What is the consequence from changing the density of one line to three lines

Answer 21

The spatial resolution will be improved which means improve the accuracy of each individual image

Question 22

What is a frame rate/ how long it takes to create a frame

Answer 22

frame rate is the system’s ability to create numerous frames each second, units Hz (page 198)

Question 23

Lateral resolution improves which of the following

Answer 23

Multi focus and Dynamic Apperture

Question 24

what low line density is and what type of imaging it creates

Answer 24

spacing between sound beams which are very wide spaces and it creates a better temporal resolution

Question 25

What if we have a poor movie quality but a higher image quality

Answer 25

there are multiple focal zones reducing temporal resolution but bettering lateral resolution (page 203 MW)

Question 26

with line density improves what type of resolution and which one decrease that other type

Answer 26

When line density improves spatial resolution increases, but temporal resolution decreases

Question 27

If the imaging depth of the scan is 15 centimeters 100 lines what is the number of pluses making up the scan

Answer 27

100(AL) 213 #19&20

Question 28

Sonographer using a phases array system turned of the multifocus system what action happenes

Answer 28

frame rate increases improving temporal resolution (MW)

Question 29

if it takes 1/100 sec to create a frame then what is the frame rate (MW)

Answer 29

100Hz (MW)

Question 30

spatial resolution, who has it? (MW)

Answer 30

Line Density High line Density = improves spatial resolution Low line Density = poor spatial resolution

Question 31

what degrades temporal resolution (MW)

Answer 31

``` Low Frame Rate deeper imaging multiple focal points wide sector high line density ```

Question 32

what limits frame rate (MW)

Answer 32

Sound of speed through the medium

Question 33

what determines temporal resolution and how is it affected (MW)

Answer 33

Displays a high number of images per second improves temporal resolution Temporal resolution is reduced when few images are displayed per second