T3 - Cancers in Children PPT (Josh)

Question 1

Common S/E with Chemo and how to treat:

Answer 1

N/V (treat w/ ondansetron)

Mucositis (treat w/ meticulous mouth care)

Question 2

Common S/E with Chemo and how to treat:

Answer 2

N/V (treat w/ ondansetron)

Mucositis (treat w/ meticulous mouth care)

Question 3

Can you treat the mucositis (s/e of chemo) with viscous lidocaine?

Answer 3

NO

Question 4

What Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is a sign of infection, which is a s/e of cancer treatment?

Answer 4

ANC

Question 5

S/E of Cancer treatments that need to be treated.

Answer 5

Infection

Hemorrhage

Anemia

N/V

Neuro

Question 6

What platelet count should warn us of hemorrhage?

Question 7

What are the NEUROLOGICAL s/e of cancer drugs?

Answer 7

Constipation

Foot Drop

Peripheral weakness/numbness

Jaw Pain

Somnolence

Question 8

What are the NEUROLOGICAL s/e of cancer drugs?

Answer 8

Constipation

Foot Drop

Peripheral weakness/numbness

Jaw Pain

Somnolence

Question 9

Can you treat the mucositis (s/e of chemo) with viscous lidocaine?

Answer 9

NO

Question 10

What Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is a sign of infection, which is a s/e of cancer treatment?

Answer 10

ANC

Question 11

S/E of Cancer treatments that need to be treated.

Answer 11

Infection

Hemorrhage

Anemia

N/V

Neuro

Question 12

What platelet count should warn us of hemorrhage?

Question 13

Treat the N/V of cancer treatments w/ —

Answer 13

ondansetron

Question 14

What are the NEUROLOGICAL s/e of cancer drugs?

Answer 14

Constipation

Foot Drop

Peripheral weakness/numbness

Jaw Pain

Somnolence

Question 15

How do you calculate ANC?

Answer 15

White Cell Count x % of neutraphils

-

Question 16

Immunization protocol w/ chemo.

Answer 16

• No live, attenuated vaccines

- if vaccinated 2 wks before or during chemo, they need to be revaccinated after chemo

Question 17

What is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in children under 14?

Answer 17

Luekemia

Question 18

What are the types of Leukemia?

Answer 18

Acute Lymphomatic Leukemia (ALL)

Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML)

Question 19

Who has an increased risk of ALL?

Answer 19

Males

Caucasions

Siblings of child w/ ALL

Down’s Syndrome

Question 20

Which cell is diagnostic for Hodgkins Disease?

Answer 20

Reed Sternberg Cell

Question 21

Phases of Chemo Treatment:

Answer 21

1) Induction (4-5 wks)
2) Sanctuary (2-3 wks)
3) Maintenance (2-3 yrs)

Question 22

What is the sentinel node?

Answer 22

left clavicular node

the first node usually enlarged in Hodgkins Disease

Question 23

Which phase of Chemo?

prevent leukemia cells from invading the CNS

Lasts about 2-3 wks

Answer 23

Sanctuary

Question 24

Which phase of Chemo?

maintain remission

lasts about 2-3 yrs

Answer 24

Maintenance

Question 25

Why is the CNS resistant to chemo? What is the alternatives to treat cancer cells in CNS?

Answer 25

due to the BBB Alternatives - Cranial irradiation - Intrathecal Methotrexate (MTX)

Question 26

--- is a decrease in blasts and normal formation of other blood elements --- is an increase in blasts and non-normal formation of other blood elements

Answer 26

Remission Relapse note: - blasts are immature WBCs produced in leukemia

Question 27

Which cell is diagnostic for Hodgkins Disease?

Answer 27

Reed Sternberg Cell

Question 28

-- is a painless enlargement of lymph nodes.

Answer 28

Hodgkins Disease

Question 29

What is the sentinel node?

Answer 29

left clavicular node the first node usually enlarged in Hodgkins Disease

Question 30

What is the most common brain tumor?

Answer 30

Gliomas

Question 31

What is the second most common type of cancer in kids?

Answer 31

Brain tumors

Question 32

Over half of all peds brain tumors are located where?

Answer 32

infratentorial area of brain - difficult to excise

Question 33

What is the most common assessment finding in Brain Tumor?

Answer 33

Headache also: - Vomiting (in morning and w/out nausea) - loss of concentration - change in behavior/personality - vision probs

Question 34

When would vomiting occur with brain tumor?

Answer 34

typically in the morning and WITHOUT nausea

Question 35

-- is a small round cell tumor that arises in the bone marrow.

Answer 35

Ewing Sarcoma (PNET) - usually NOT amputated

Question 36

With neuroblastoma, the prognosis is --- if the child is younger.

Answer 36

better - 75% survival if diagnosed before age 1

Question 37

The usual age of onset for neuroblastoma is --

Answer 37

22 mths

Question 38

Clinical manifestations of neuroblastoma are dependent upon ---

Answer 38

the location of the tumor ex: - altered bowel/bladder function if in retroperitoneal area - dyspnea or infection w/ mediastinal

Question 39

Another name for Wilm's Tumor is ---

Answer 39

Nephroblastoma - b/c it is a tumor of the kidney

Question 40

Wilm's Tumor typically presents as an ----

Answer 40

asymptomatic abdominal mass - DON'T PALPATE!!!

Question 41

Osteosarcoma typically metastisis to where?

Answer 41

lungs

Question 42

-- is a small round cell tumor that arises in the bone marrow.

Answer 42

Ewing Sarcoma (PNET) - usually NOT amputated

Question 43

Which gene is associated w/ Osteosarcoma?

Answer 43

p53

Question 44

When is Osteosarcoma typically diagnosed?

Answer 44

in adolescents - b/c it is found during rapid bone growth

Question 45

Common sites of Osteosarcoma.

Answer 45

Distal Femur Proximal Tibia Proximal Humerus

Question 46

--- is a highly malignant cancer that affects the striated muscles and tendons (ie: soft tissues)

Answer 46

Rhabdomyosarcoma