Flashcards in T3 - Neuro PPT (Josh) Deck (90)
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1
On the Glasgow Coma Scale, what score is poor?
8 or less
2
Glasgow Coma Scale measures for what?
- Eye opening
- Verbal response
- Motor response
3
-- is very tough and covers the entire brain.
Dura mater
4
--- is under the dura mater, thin, arteries and veins are suspended here
Pia arachnoid
5
-- is very thin, lies under the arachnoid, and adheres to the surface of the brain.
Pia mater
6
CSF is found beneath the --- and ---
arachnoid
pia mater
7
Brain comprises --- of body mass in infancy and --- in adults.
15% in infants
3% in adults
8
In infants, a large proportion of blood volume is in --
the head
9
Why can brain tumors be missed in infants?
intercranial pressure can be less likely to be seen due to anterior fontanel
10
Reasons infants and young children are more susceptable to head injury
- top heavy
- large head in proportion to body
- excessive spinal mobility and immature muscles
11
Startle reflex
MORO
12
Stroke foot and toes curl
Plantar Reflex
13
Infant swings to the side that is stroked
Galant Reflex
14
--- can reveal a spinal fluid leak.
Glucose test
15
Why do infants handle increased ICP better than adults?
fontanels
16
Space in scull is filled how?
Brain (80%)
CSF (10%)
Blood (10%)
17
Early signs of ICP
- Headache on awakening (w/out eating)
- Vomiting, personality changes, irritabilty, fatigue, gait change
- Double/Blurred vision. slow pupil reaction
- Seizures
- Increased head circumference, bulging fontanels
- LOC change
18
Late Signs of ICP:
Cushing's Triad
Bradycardia
High BP
Slow breathing (bradynea)
19
Late Signs of CP:
Bradycardia
Widening pulse pressure
slow HR
20
LOC levels:
Falls asleep quickly
Lethargy
21
LOC levels:
Arousable w/ stimulation
Obtunded
22
LOC levels:
Deep sleep, responds to vigorous, repeated stimulation
Stupor
23
LOC levels:
No response to decerebrate posturing to pain
Coma
24
LOC levels:
eyes open, limbs spastic, no words, some swallow
Persistent Vegetative State (PVS)
25
How is brain death confirmed?
2 EEGs and 2 exams 24 hrs apart
26
What is the most important aspect of the physical exam for neuro probs?
Vital sign changes
27
Pinpoint pupils indicated...
MSO4 or poisoning
28
Fixed, dilated pupils mean...
brain herniation (med emergency)
29
Unilateral and dilated pupil means...
lesion on that side
impending herniation
30
