Technology Guides 1, 2, 3

Question 1

What does Hardware consist of?

Answer 1

*Central Processing Unit (CPU)
*Primary storage
*Secondary storage
*Input technologies
*Output technologies
*Communication technologies

Question 2

what is the general trend in hardware technology?

Answer 2

Becoming smaller, faster, cheaper, and more powerful over time.

Question 3

What is a key factor for businesses to gain a competitive advantage in many industries

Answer 3

Exploiting computer hardware

Question 4

what are the various types of computers in the computer hierarchy?

Answer 4

*Supercomputers
*Mainframe computers
*Microcomputers
*Laptop and notebook computers
*Tablet computers
*Handheld computers
*Wearable computers

Question 5

What does the term “Supercomputer” refer to?

Answer 5

The fastest computers available at any given time

Question 6

What type of computing can process one quintillion operations per second?

Answer 6

Exascale supercomputing

Question 7

What is the main benefit of gesture-based input technologies?

Answer 7

They allow more natural engagement in virtual environments

Question 8

which of the following best describes the difference between human data-entry devices and source-data automation devices?

Answer 8

Human data-entry devices require significant human effort to input data, while source-data automation devices input data with minimal human intervention.

Question 9

what are the hierarchy of terms used to describe memory capacity?

Answer 9

*Kilobyte
*Megatbyte
*Gigabyte
*Terabyte
*Petabyte
*Exabyte
*Zettabyte
*Yottabyte

Question 10

what are the four main types of primary storage?

Answer 10

1) register
2) cache memory
3) random access memory (RAM)
4) Read only memory (ROM)

Question 11

Registers

Answer 11

part of the CPU, have the least capacity storing extremely limited amounts of instructions and data only immediately before and after processing.

Question 12

Cache memory

Answer 12

type of high-speed memory that enables the computer to temporarily store blocks of data that are used more often and that have a process can access more rapidly than main memory (RAM)

Question 13

Random access memory (RAM)

Answer 13

part of primary storage that holds a software program and small amounts of data for processing.

Question 14

Read-only memory (ROM)

Answer 14

a type of chip, where certain critical instructions are safeguarded. An example sis the instructions needed to start or boot the computer after it has been shut off.

Question 15

Secondary storage characteristics?

Answer 15

*Nonvolatile
*Takes more time to retrieve data from it than from RAM
*Cheaper than primary storage
*Can use a variety of media, each with its own technology .

Question 16

What is the role of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) within the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

Answer 16

It performs the mathematical calculations and logical comparisons.

Question 17

What is moore’s law?

Answer 17

The idea that microprocessor complexity will double approximately every 18 months.

Question 18

What is the main objective of DevOps in organizational software development?

Answer 18

To reduce the time to deployment, increase usability, and lower the cost of new app development.

Question 19

Which type of software is distributed with license terms ensuring that its source code will always be available for all users?

Answer 19

Open-Source software

Question 20

Systems software

Answer 20

a set of instructions that serves primarily as an intermediary between computer hardware and application programs.

Question 21

What are some functions of the Systems software?

Answer 21

*Control and support the computer system and its information-processing activities
*Enabling computer systems to perform self-regulatory functions by loading itself when the computer is first turned on.
*It provides commonly used sets of instructions for all applications
*It helps users and IT personnel program, test and debut their own computer programs
*it supports application software by directing the computer’s basic functions.

Question 22

which interface hides the complexity of hardware from the users?

Answer 22

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Question 23

What does the term “User Experience” (UX) refer to?

Answer 23

A user’s overall satisfaction level when interacting with software

Question 24

what was the initial step in the evolution of modern IT infrastructure?

Answer 24

Stand-alone mainframes

Question 25

Grid computinger

Answer 25

pools various hardware and software components to create a single IT environment with shared resources.

Question 26

what is the definition of cloud computing?

Answer 26

A type of computing that delivers convenient, on-demand, pay-as-you-go access for multiple customers to a shared pool of configurable computing resources.

Question 27

What are some of the key benefits that cloud computing brings to businesses?

Answer 27

The ability to get applications up and running faster, with easier manageability and less maintenance.

Question 28

Public cloud

Answer 28

shared, easily accessible, multicustomer IT infrastructures that are available non-exclusively to any entity in the general public.

Question 29

Private cloud

Answer 29

IT infrastructures that can be accessed only by a single entity or by any exclusive group of related entities that share the same purpose and requirements, such as all of the business units with a single organization.

Question 30

Hybrid Cloud

Answer 30

composed of public and private clouds that remain unique entities but are nevertheless tightly integrated.

Question 31

Multiple clouds

Answer 31

Most common approach to cloud computing. Describes how organizations use multiple cloud providers to meet different technical or business requirements.

Question 32

Vertical Clouds

Answer 32

a set of cloud computing services optimized for use in a particular industry

Question 33

What are the three major types of cloud computing provided to customers or groups of customers?

Answer 33

Public clouds Private clouds Hybrid clouds

Question 34

What is the main reason enterprises adopt private clouds?

Answer 34

System and data security

Question 35

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Answer 35

model, cloud computing providers offer remotely accessible servers, networks, and storage capacity.

Question 36

What are the benefits that come with Cloud data management?

Answer 36

*Improved Security *Scalability and Savings *Governed Access *Automated backups, disaster recovery, and updates *Improved data quality *Sustainability

Question 37

Platform-as-a-service (PaaS)

Answer 37

Customers rent servers, operating systems, storage, a database, software development technologies such as Java and .NET and network capacity over the internet.

Question 38

Software-As-A-Service (SaaS)

Answer 38

Cloud computing vendors provide software that is specific to their customers' requirements.

Question 39

Functions-as-a-Service (FaaS)

Answer 39

A category of cloud computing services that provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications' functions without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically associated with developing and deploying an app.

Question 40

Security-As-A-Service (SECaaS)

Answer 40

category of cloud services where an external provider handles and manages cybersecurity for an organization.

Question 41

Which cloud computing services offers remotely accessible servers, networks, and storage capacity?

Answer 41

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Question 42

Which type of cloud computing service is typically used by software developers and offers a platform to build, test, deploy, maintain, and manage every step of the development life cycle of applications.

Answer 42

Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

Question 43

what are the key benefits of cloud computing?

Answer 43

*Positive impact on employees *Can save money *Can provide flexibility and competitiveness

Question 44

What are the key concerns of cloud computing?

Answer 44

*Legacy IT systems *Reliability *Privacy *Security *The regulatory and legal environment *Criminal use of cloud computing

Question 45

Which term is used to refer to the accumulated diversity of hardware, operating systems, and applications in an organization's IT system that can't be easily transferred to the cloud?

Answer 45

Legacy Spagetti

Question 46

Why is privacy a significant concern in the context of cloud computing?

Answer 46

Because customer data may not remain on the same system or in the same data centre.

Question 47

what is the protocol used in Web services that allows different web services to interoperate?

Answer 47

SOAP