Teeth Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
tooth root
in part of the jaw called the alveolar ridge
A
portion embeded in the bone
2
Q
alveolar ridge
A
part of the jaw where the tooth root is located
3
Q
Tooth socket
A
alveolus
4
Q
crown of the tooth
A
projects into the oral cavity
5
Q
Enamel
A
- highly mineralized
- covers crown
- hard
- translucent
6
Q
Enamel contains
A
<1% organic
96-98% hydroxyapatite
7
Q
What creates enamel?
A
ameloblasts
come from enamel organ
8
Q
When do ameloblast degenerate?
A
after the tooth erupts
can’t replace enamel
9
Q
Tome’s Process
A
apical end of ameloblast
microtuble and secretory vesicles
10
Q
Enamel mineralization is _______________
A
non-uniform
11
Q
What is the shape of enamel rods/ prisms?
A
hexagonal
12
Q
interprismatic material
A
- between the enamel rods
- less mineralized
13
Q
Enamel rods extend from ameloblasts at
A
enamel surface to dentio-enaml junction
14
Q
What secretes pre-dentine?
A
odontoblast
of dental pailla
15
Q
Dentin
A
- bulk of the tooth
- less mineralized
16
Q
Dentin has_________ hydroxyapatite
A
70-80%
17
Q
Dentine is chemically similar to
A
Bone
18
Q
What plays a key role in the mineralization of Dentine matrix?
A
matrix vacuoles (Ca2+ and PO4-)
19
Q
What are in matrix vaculoes?
A
Ca2+ and PO4-
20
Q
Dental tubules
A
- How dentine is arranged
- parallel tubes radiating form the pulp cavity
21
Q
Tome’s process
A
long rod like cytoplasmic process of odontoblasts
in dentine tubules
22
Q
Dentine also contains
A
- type 1 collagen
- GAGs
23
Q
Pulp cavity contains
A
senrory nerves and blood vessels
support structures
24
Q
Dentine is innervated by
A
myelinated nerves
25
What is the origin of dental pulp
mesodermal
26
Dental pulp contains
* stellate fibroblasts
* reticular fibers
* collagen
* ground substance
27
Dental pulp is
richly supplied by capillaries and artioles
28
the capillaries and artioles that supply the dental pulp run with
the periodontal ligament
29
What covers the outer layer of the root?
thin layer of cementum
30
cementum
amorphous, collagen-based, calcified tissue
31
cementum is similar structural and functionally to what?
osteoblast
32
Cementum is ________ hyrdroxyapapitite
45-50%
| similar to bone
33
What makes cementum?
cementoblasts
34
What do cementoblast mature into?
cementocytes
| cellular cementum (CC)
35
What is the growth of cementum?
appostiional growth
* cementocytes lie against periodontal ligament and produce new
36
gingiva
covers the upper alveolar ridge
| masticory oral mucosa
37
neck of tooth
region between the tooth root and crown
38
Attached Gingiva
covers upper alveolar bone
39
Free Gingiva
* froms cuff
* neck of the tooth
40
Gingival sulcus
| crevice
Space between free gingiva and crown
41
Crevical Epithelium
* very thin (2-3 cells)
* easily breached by bacteria
42
What is the tissue that surround and support the tooth?
Periodontium
43
Periodontium includes
* eputhelium
* cementium
* periodontal ligament
* alveloar bone
44
Sharpeys fibers run at
oblique angle
| support tooth in socket
45
What achors the the cementum to the bone?
Sharpey's fibers
| allows for slight movement
46
Clusters of epitheila cells within the periodontal ligament
vestigial **epithelial rests** (of Malassez)
47
Tooth is formed between
| layer of epithelial cells
* ameloblast of enamel organ
* odontoblast of dental papilla
48
What is the origin of enamel
ectodermal
49
Within the tooth what is mesodermal derived?
* dentin
* cementum
* pulp
* periodontal ligament
50
When is the teeth start to form in the fetus?
about week 6
51
dental lamina
form the postion of the future jaw
52
What are the stages of Odntogenesis?
1. Cap
2. early bell
3. late bell
53
the interal enamel epithelium differeniates into
a layer of ameloblasts
54
Mesenchyme condense to form
dental paillae
55
Permanent tooth arise from
side growth of pf dental lamina
56
What portion of the developing ectodermal swelling forms the enamel organs?
superfical
57
What portion of the developing ectodermal swelling forms the dental papilla?
the deep portion
58
What is the central portion of the enamel organ called?
central stellate epithelium
59
What is the outer layer of the enamel?
cubodial/columnar epithelium
60
The internal enamel epithelium becomes the
ameloblasts
61
Straum intermedium
* 2-3 cells thick
* associated with layer of ameloblasts
62
What does the permanent tooth (bud) arise from?
side of the dental lamina
| during the ealry bell stage
63
enamel organ is intially
cup-shaped
64
cells of the enaml organ progressively differentiate and become
stellate reticulum
65
external enamel epithelium
cells lining outer surface of enamel organ
66
internal enamel epithelium
cells linining the concave surface of enamel organ
67
cells lining convex surface of dental papilla
develop into odontoblasts
68
internal enamel epithelium differentiate into
ameloblasts
69
Amelogenesis
enamel formation
| by ameloblasts
70
Dentinogenesis
dentin formation
| by odontoblast
71
What induces the differentiation of odontoblasts?
the devleopment of ameloblasts
72
what iniates tooth formation?
depostion of organic pre-dentine by odontoblast
| later calcified into dentine
73
What triggers ameloblast to deposit enamel?
calcification of dentin matrix
| secondarily induces enamel production by ameloblast
74
odontoblast have
odontoblast processes
75
odontoblast processes are
embed in the dentine matrix
76
odontoblast processes form
dentine tubules
77
what are enamel rods seperated by
interprismatic material
| less mineralized
78
At the time of eruption what degenerates?
enamel organ and ameloblasts
79
________ shinks and become dental pulp
dental papilla
80
Hertwig's root sheath is located
at the cervical loop of the enamel organ
81
Hertwig's root sheath triggers
formation of dentin in the root
82
How does Hertwig's root sheath trigger formation of dentin in the roo
the differentiation of odontoblast from the dental papilla
83
When Hertwig's root sheath disintergrates some parts become
epitheial cell rests
84
After the tooth formation is complete what is still produced
small amounts of 2' dentin
85
The outer rim of the enamel organ is known as
epitheial sheath of hertwig
86
epitheial sheath of hertwig funciton
determines the cross-sectional outline of the tooth
87
Dental Follicle becomes
ar large portion of the periodontal ligament
88
What is something unique about the permanent molar?
the dental lamin proliferates on its own
89
when do tooth development begin
6th week of fetal development
90
What is the eruption time of the deiduous teeth?
6 - 30 months
91
what is the formula for deciduous teeth
2I 1C 2M
92
When do permanent teeth erupt?
6- 12 years of age
93
Tertracycline giving during devleopment
can cause teeth to be yellow in color
94
Human Dental Formula
I 2/2 C1/1 P2/2 M/3/3
95
Orthiodontia works due to
osteoblast and osteoclast activity in the aveolus
96
Dental Caries
acid erode and bacteria eat away
97
Fluriode helps to
harden enamel and kill bacteria
98
Periodontal Disease is caused by
accumulation of plaque in gingival sulcus
99
gingivitis
inflamation of gums
100
where does the tooth numbering start?
on the upper right
