Temporomandibular joint Flashcards
(27 cards)
What bones form the Temporomandibular joint?
Mandible
Temporal bone of the cranium
What are the main movements allowed by the Temporomandibular joint?
Opening
Closing
Side to side movement
Where is the Temporomandibular joint?
Anterior to the tragus
What 3 bones articulate at the Temporomandibular joint?
Mandibular fossa
Articular tubercle (Squamous part of Temporal bone)
Head of the Mandible
What is unique about the Temporomandibular joint?
Articulating surfaces never touch due to the articular disc separating them.
What does the articulating disc split the joint into?
2 cavities;
Superior
Inferior
What type of joint is the Temporomandibular joint?
Synovial (Has a synovial membrane)
What type of cartilage covers the articulation surfaces?
Fibrocartilage (Not Hyaline as would b expected)
What are the 3 extra capsular ligaments?
Lateral ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
What is the lateral ligament attached to?
Beginning of the articular tubule to the mandibular neck
What is the function of the lateral ligament?
Thickening of the joint capsule
Prevents posterior dislocation of the joint
What is the Spenomandibular ligament attached to?
Sphenoid spine to mandible
What is the Stylomandibular ligament formed from?
Thickening of the fascia of the Parotid gland and facial muscles
What is the function of the Stylomandibular ligament?
Supports the weight of the jaw
What muscles control the movement of the Temporomandibular joint?
Muscles of mastication
Muscles of Hyoid bone
What movements does the upper section of the joint do?
Protrusion of mandible
Retraction of mandible
What muscle performs Protrusion of the mandible?
Lateral Pterygoid
What muscle performs Retraction of the mandible?
Geniohyoid
Digastric
What movements does the lower section of the joint do?
Elevation of mandible
Depression of mandible
What is the main cause of depression of the mandible?
Gravity
What muscles aid with depression of the mandible?
Digastric
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
What muscles aid elevation of the mandible?
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Contraction of them, very strong movement
How can arthritis effect the Temporomandibular joint?
Inflammation occurs in the joint causing the patient to commonly to have jaw pain, stiffness and joint grating
What can cause dislocation of the Temporomandibular joint?
Blow to the side of the face
Yawning
Taking a large bite
