Test 1 Jeopardy

Question 1

A diabetic patient is unresponsive as hot, dry skin and rapid respirations. You should suspect which acid/base derangement?

Answer 1

Metabolic acidosis

Question 2

The largest fluid compartment in the body is?

Answer 2

Intracellular

Question 3

What causes the cells to become specialized?

Answer 3

Differentiation

Question 4

What is the movement of water from one area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration?

Answer 4

Osmosis

Question 5

What compound if formed by the combination of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions?

Answer 5

Carbonic Acid

Question 6

What are the structures that perform specific functions within the cell?

Answer 6

Organelles

Question 7

What is diffusion?

Answer 7

The movement of a substance of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 8

What anion plays a major role in fluid balance and renal function?

Answer 8

Chloride

Question 9

What is the normal range of pH in the human body?

Answer 9

7.35 – 7.45

Question 10

What movement mechanism moves a substance across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient and requires energy?

Answer 10

Active transport

Question 11

What occurs when fluid is forced through a membrane from high-pressure on one side?

Answer 11

Filtration

Question 12

What pressure is exerted by large protein particles?

Answer 12

Oncotic Force, or Colloid Osmotic Pressure

Question 13

What are the two most commonly carried isotonic prehospital solutions?

Answer 13

Lactated Ringers, and Normal Saline

Question 14

What is the term for abnormally high potassium levels?

Answer 14

Hyperkolemia

Question 15

What is the most prevalent extracellular ion?

Answer 15

Sodium

Question 16

.45 % NaCI solution is what tonicity in relation to normal body fluid?

Answer 16

Hypotonic

Question 17

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 17

Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth.

Question 18

What are the seven major functions of cells?

Answer 18

1) Movement
2) Conductivity
3) Metabolic Absorption
4) Secretion
5) Excretion
6) Respiration
7) Reproduction

Question 19

What are four major cations found inside the body?

Answer 19

Sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.

Question 20

What are three systems the body uses to adjust pH?

Answer 20

The buffer system, the respiratory system, and the renal system.

Question 21

What fluid phenomenon can be localized or systemic?

Answer 21

Edema

Question 22

Which direction will pH shift when sodium bicarbonate is administered?

Answer 22

Up

Question 23

What organelle converts nutrients into energy (ATP)?

Answer 23

Mitochondria

Question 24

Extracellular fluid can be divided into what two divisions?

Answer 24

Interstitial fluid, and intravascular fluid

Question 25

What ion plays a major role in muscle contraction as well as nervous impulse transmission?

Answer 25

Calcium

Question 26

What type of immunity is short-term is provided by T lymphocytes?

Answer 26

Cell mediated immunity

Question 27

What two types of body reflexes assists in adjusting and maintaining perfusion?

Answer 27

Baroreceptor and Chemoreceptor Reflexes

Question 28

What are the body's three lines of defense against disease in order?

Answer 28

Anatomic barriers, the inflammatory response, and the immune response.

Question 29

What are the symptoms of blood transfusion reactions?

Answer 29

Fever, chills, hives, flushing of the skin, hypotension, tachycardia, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, headache, loss of consciousness, and palpitations.

Question 30

What is the number of chromosomes contained in a simple sex cell?

Answer 30

23

Question 31

What is the Frank–Starling mechanism?

Answer 31

This mechanism states that the greater the stretch of cardiac muscle the greater the force of cardiac contraction

Question 32

What is Hematocrit?

Answer 32

The percentage of blood occupied by red cells.

Question 33

Failure of the Krebs Cycle will result in what type of metabolism?

Answer 33

Anaerobic Metabolism

Question 34

What are the three stages of Gen. adaptation syndrome?

Answer 34

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Question 35

These two blood components make up 1% of total blood volume?

Answer 35

White Blood cells and platelets

Question 36

What hormone that is released by a person under stress acts as an immunosuppressant, stimulates gluconeogenesis, and decreases T cell reproduction?

Answer 36

Cortisol

Question 37

What will happen to a red blood cell when dropped into a hypotonic solution?

Answer 37

Swell

Question 38

What are the three components that affect stroke volume?

Answer 38

Preload, cardiac contractile force, and afterload.

Question 39

What blood type is considered the universal donor?

Answer 39

O negative

Question 40

What hormone does the anterior pituitary glands secrete under stress that stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol?

Answer 40

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Question 41

What sympathetic receptors are postsynaptic, found on effector organs, and cause vasoconstriction when stimulated?

Answer 41

Alpha 1 Receptors?

Question 42

Shock begins at this level and progresses through the body in this order…

Answer 42

The cellular level then to the tissues, organs, organ systems, and the entire organism.

Question 43

What defense mechanism is specific in nature and develops slowly?

Answer 43

The Immune Response

Question 44

What two psychiatric illnesses are currently being studies and appear to have genetic links?

Answer 44

Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Question 45

Cigarette smoke would be considered what type of risk factor for lung cancer?

Answer 45

Causal

Question 46

What two psychiatric illnesses are currently being studies and appear to have genetic links?

Answer 46

Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Question 47

What five factors combine to cause disease?

Answer 47

Genetics, Environment, Lifestyle, Age, and Gender.

Question 48

What type of immunity is part of the patient's genetic makeup?

Answer 48

Natural Immunity

Question 49

What three components are necessary for disease?

Answer 49

Host, Agent, and Environment

Question 50

What "germs" may replicate and cause malignancy?

Answer 50

Viruses

Question 51

What 2 types of catecholamines does the sympathetic nervous system release when stimulated?

Answer 51

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 52

What three mechanisms can trigger the inflammatory response?

Answer 52

Physical agents, chemical agents,and pathogenic microorganisms.