Test 3 Flashcards
1
Q
areas where leaves are growing or have grown
A
nodes
2
Q
growth in length
A
primary growth
3
Q
growth in width
A
secondary growth
4
Q
water-conducting cells that are like tubes that are only found in broadleaf trees
A
vessels (tracheids are in both broadleaf and other trees)
5
Q
older, inner wood of a tree used as support for the stem
A
heartwood
6
Q
outer covering of a monocot stem
A
rind
7
Q
growth response in a plant
A
tropism
8
Q
made up of a special stem and leaves designed to store food; onion is an example
A
bulb
9
Q
thick stems that grow horizontally under the ground providing food storage and a means of vegetative reproduction
A
rhizomes
10
Q
special stems that grow quickly along the surface of the ground
A
stolon
11
Q
special stem that is an example of special protection
A
thorn
12
Q
roots with one primary root and other small roots
A
taproot system
13
Q
roots spread out with no main root
A
fibrous roots
14
Q
protects the tender root tip as it pushes its way through the soil
A
root cap
15
Q
one-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane
A
osmosis
16
Q
two forms of vascular tissue
A
xylem and phloem
17
Q
two broad divisions of the skeletal system
A
axial and appendicular skeleton
18
Q
the arm bones are __1__ which is on the thumb side, and the __2__ which is on the pinkie side
A
- radius
- ulna
19
Q
longest bone in the body
A
femur
20
Q
strong connective fiber that attaches a muscle to bone
A
tendon
21
Q
heel bone
A
calcaneus
22
Q
ankle bone
A
talus
23
Q
famous botanist who found 100 uses for the peanut and several uses for the sweet potato
A
George Washington Carver
24
Q
study of living things
A
biology
25
living things
organisms
26
flowering seed plants
angiosperms
27
angiosperm family that consists of a cluster of flowers resembling a single flower
composite family
28
square stems and very aromatic
mint family
29
plants that live for one growing season
annuals
30
plants with an open, five-petal design
rose
31
plant family with three of the most common poisonous plants
cashew family
32
legumes are part of the ___ family
pea
33
most important plant family
grass family
34
fruit of a maple tree
samara
35
symbol of the American South
magnolia tree
36
tree with bark that peels off in layers
birch tree
37
modified leaves of the dogwood tree that look like creamy white petals
bracts
38
a group of structures designed to function together as a unit to perform a particular job for an organism
system
39
part of the plant found above the ground
shoot system
40
contain developing leaf or stem structures
buds
41
____ is found in plant cells along with the cell membrane, but this is not in animal cells
cell wall
42
organisms that can make their own plants
autotrophs (producers)
43
process whereby a plant’s chloroplasts capture the radiant energy of light and convert it into the chemical energy of food
photosynthesis
44
sugar produced through photosynthesis
glucose
45
part of the plant that contains the ovary
pistil
46
transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of a pistil
pollination
47
a sweet-tasting, watery liquid produced by plants
nectar
48
the egg cell unites with the sperm cell
fertilization
49
reproductive cells
gametes
50
occurs as the ovary is growing larger and developing into a fruit
ripening
51
simple fruits in which the entire ovary is fleshy and juicy throughout
berries
52
outer fleshy layer and an inner woody layer
drupes
53
simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core
pomes
54
simple fruits that consist of a pod enclosing several seeds
legumes
55
consist of small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them
samaras
56
simple fruits with thin shells containing seeds
achenes
57
simple dry fruits consisting of a seed enclosed in a hard covering, or shell
nuts
58
fruit of the grass family
grain
59
will develop into the root system of the plant
radicle
60
a period of inactivity
dormancy
61
process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities
taxonomy
62
naturalist who devised a simple, practical method of scientific classification
Linnaeus
63
two main groups that all living things are divided into in classical taxonomy
kingdoms
64
a group of very similar organisms that can interbreed freely in nature
species
65
a group of similar organisms that are all descended from a single group of originally created organisms
kind
66
system for assigning scientific names
binomial nomenclature
67
organisms that
1. have membrane-bound nuclei
2. do no have membrane-bound nuclei
1. eukaryotes
2. prokaryotes
68
divisions of modern taxonomy that are the highest
domains
69
plants that produce seeds but do not produce flowers
gymnosperms
70
pollen-producing cones
staminate cones
71
seed-producing cones
ovulate cones
72
tallest known living thing
coast redwood
73
an unusual gymnosperm that resembles palm trees; an example is the sago palm
cycad
74
an oriental gymnosperm with two-lobed, fan-shaped leaves
ginkgo
75
tiny, one-celled reproductive structures
spore
76
life cycle that involves both asexual and sexual reproduction
alternation of generations
77
"moss-like plants"; liverworts and mosses are examples
bryophytes
78
Instead of roots, a moss has tiny hair like threads called _____
rhizoids
79
Decaying peat moss is the main constituent of a substance known as ______, which is a compressed accumulation of various partially decayed plant materials that collect in swamps and marshes
peat
80
the smallest of the green,
chlorophyll-containing organisms
algae
81
microorganisms that float near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms
plankton
82
form the largest group of algae
green algae
83
most numerous and most interesting of the yellow algae
diatoms
84
largest of the brown algae
kelp
85
causes red tide
dinoflagellates
86
nonvascular plant-like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food
fungi
87
organisms that obtain their nutrition form dead organisms
saprophytes
88
an organism that lives on or in another living organism and derives its nutrition from that organism
parasite
89
cheese and bread both have _____ impact it or grow on it
mold
90
____ is added to bread to make it rise
yeast
91
two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit
symbiosis
92
body cavity that has the heart and lungs
thoracic cavity
93
body cavity with the liver and stomach
abdominopelvic cavity
94
the body's defense against foreign invaders
immune system
95
system of the body that covers it and protects it from surroundings
integumentary system
96
system that supports the body and gives it rigidity
skeletal system
97
system responsible for the continuation of the human race
reproductive system
98
stable internal environment for the body
homeostasis
99
tissue that lines the body parts
epithelial tissue
100
tissue that connects the parts of the body
connective tissue
101
nonliving material surrounding cells
matrix
102
organs that are not useful were called ____
vestigial organs (there are no real vestigial organs)
103
system that moves the body
muscular system
104
braincase
cranium
105
U-shaped bone in the upper neck above the larynx
hyoid bone
106
the soft spots on the top and back of an infant’s head
fontanels
107
uneven lines where the cranial bones fuse together
sutures
108
connective tissue that joins bone to bone
ligaments
109
smallest bones in the human body
malleus, incus, and stapes
110
tough, rubbery connective tissue that cushions the joints between bones
cartilage
111
tailbone
coccyx
112
severe lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
