11.1-11.2

Question 1

stable internal environment

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

system of the body designed specifically for homeostasis

Answer 2

integumentary system

Question 3

main organ of the integumentary system

Answer 3

skin

Question 4

system of the body that removes waste

Answer 4

excretory system

Question 5

system of the body that removes liquid waste

Answer 5

urinary system

Question 6

three functions of the skin

Answer 6

communication, protection, secretion

Question 7

layer of the skin exposed to the environment

Answer 7

epidermis

Question 8

outermost cells of the epidermis

Answer 8

squamous epithelial cells

Question 9

living cells that rapidly reproduce

Answer 9

germinative cells

Question 10

buildup of epidermal cells

Answer 10

callus

Question 11

results when the immune system attacks epidermal cells, causing them to be formed and discarded too rapidly

Answer 11

psoriasis

Question 12

dead skin cells begin to flake when the epidermal cells replenish themselves too rapidly

Answer 12

dandruff

Question 13

tough, water-proof protein fiber that strengthens and hardens the cells

Answer 13

keratin (process is keratinization)

Question 14

pigment of the skin

Answer 14

melanin

Question 15

characteristic of being unable to produce melanin

Answer 15

albinism

Question 16

most complex layer of the skin

Answer 16

dermis

Question 17

layer of the skin that is a fatty layer of loose connective tissue that binds the skin to the underlying organs; it acts as an insulator and shock absorber

Answer 17

subcutaneous layer

Question 18

natural process that protects the body from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun

Answer 18

tanning

Question 19

serious problem for sunbathers that is dangerous, especially when sunscreen isn’t used

Answer 19

skin cancer

Question 20

more harmful form of skin cancer

Answer 20

malignant melanoma

Question 21

muscles that attach to the hair follicle

Answer 21

arrector pili (responsible for goose bumps)

Question 22

oil that waterproofs your skin and keeps it soft and flexible; produced by the sebaceous glands

Answer 22

sebum

Question 23

clogged hair follicle due to excess oil

Answer 23

blackhead

Question 24

help regulate body temperature

Answer 24

sweat glands

Question 25

taking skin from another part of the body and putting it where the burn occurred

Answer 25

skin grafts

Question 26

removal of waste substances from the body

Answer 26

excretion

Question 27

most important part of the excretory system

Answer 27

kidneys

Question 28

working units of the kidneys

Answer 28

nephrons

Question 29

sieve-like structure in the kidney

Answer 29

glomerulus

Question 30

return of beneficial molecules and useful substances to the blood

Answer 30

reabsorption

Question 31

fluid that is not reabsorbed into the kidneys

Answer 31

urine

Question 32

enzyme which acts on the circulatory system to increase blood pressure

Answer 32

renin

Question 33

controls the regulation of water reabsorption

Answer 33

ADH

Question 34

process of separating molecules of different sizes using a membrane

Answer 34

dialysis