Chapter 1, pages 1-10

Question 1

the study of living things

Answer 1

biology

Question 2

means “life”

Answer 2

bios

Question 3

means “study of”

Answer 3

-logy

Question 4

another word for living things

Answer 4

organisms

Question 5

regions where particular organisms normally live

Answer 5

habitats

Question 6

the study of plants

Answer 6

botany

Question 7

the study of animals

Answer 7

zoology

Question 8

the study of the physical structure of the human body

Answer 8

human anatomy

Question 9

the study of the function of the human body

Answer 9

human physiology

Question 10

About ___1___ of the food we eat comes directly from plants. The other ___2___ comes from animals that eat plants

Answer 10

1. two-thirds
2. third

Question 11

the four main parts of a plant are:

Answer 11

1. flowers
2. leaves
3. stems
4. roots

Question 12

Most plants with ______ will produce fruit and seeds

Answer 12

flowers

Question 13

part of the plant that makes the food

Answer 13

leaves

Question 14

plant with a single tall, woody stem that can stand erect without support

Answer 14

tree

Question 15

forms of woody plants are:

Answer 15

1. trees
2. shrubs / bushes

Question 16

plants that are not woody are considered _____

Answer 16

herbaceous

Question 17

any plant with a long, thin stem that either grows along the ground or has tendrils that twine around a support

Answer 17

vine

Question 18

main root grows straight down and remains larger than the secondary roots that branch off from it

Answer 18

taproot system

Question 19

primary root remains small and many slender secondary roots grow from it in all directions

Answer 19

fibrous root system

Question 20

plants that live for one year (growing season)

Answer 20

annuals

Question 21

plants that live for two years (growing seasons)

Answer 21

biennials

Question 22

plants that live for many years (growing seasons)

Answer 22

perennials

Question 23

flowering seed plants

Answer 23

angiosperms

Question 24

plants whose flowers produce seeds covered by fruit

Answer 24

angiosperms

Question 25

about _____ of the plants known to man are angiosperms

Answer 25

half

Question 26

the flowers of the composite family are also known as _____

Answer 26

heads

Question 27

examples of the composite family (sunflower family):

Answer 27

daisy, aster, goldenrod, dandelion

Question 28

_______ have square stems and are often very aromatic

Answer 28

mint plants

Question 29

the flower family used in cooking and landscaping

Answer 29

mint family

Question 30

examples of the mint family:

Answer 30

oregano, basil, sage, lavender, marjoram, rosemary, thyme, balm

Question 31

flower family used as foods or seasonings

Answer 31

parsley family

Question 32

examples of the parsley family

Answer 32

Queen Anne’s lace, carrot, celery, parsley, dill, poison hemlock, water hemlock

Question 33

blackberry, raspberry, strawberry, apple, apricot, cherry, nectarine, peach, pear, plum, almond tree

Answer 33

rose family

Question 34

open, five-petal design

Answer 34

rose family

Question 35

flower family containing cabbage, collard, kale, turnip, radish, rutabaga, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprout

Answer 35

mustard family

Question 36

bean, peanut, lentil, alfalfa, clover, vetch, wisteria, redbud tree

Answer 36

pea family (legume)

Question 37

used as food and forage, or used to prevent soil erosion

Answer 37

pea family

Question 38

important crop plants because they actually enrich the soil as they grow

Answer 38

legumes

Question 39

nitrogen compounds (nitrogen and oxygen) that plants can use

Answer 39

nitrates

Question 40

bacteria, found on the roots of legumes, that converts nitrogen into nitrates

Answer 40

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Question 41

provides nitrates to the soil from decomposing plants and animals (ammonia)

Answer 41

nitrifying bacteria

Question 42

movement of nitrogen from the air into the soil and back into the air

Answer 42

nitrogen cycle

Question 43

change nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen

Answer 43

denitrifying bacteria

Question 44

the tulip is an example of ___

Answer 44

the lily family

Question 45

family containing the three most poisonous plants

Answer 45

cashew family

Question 46

poison ivy

Answer 46

cashew family

Question 47

tomato

Answer 47

nightshade family

Question 48

stored food for the seed

Answer 48

cotyledon

Question 49

characteristics of monocots

Answer 49

1 cotyledon; parallel veins; petals in multiples of 3

Question 50

characteristics of dicots

Answer 50

2 cotyledons; broad, flat leaves with branching veins; petals in multiples of 4 or 5