The Catholic Reformation

Question 1

The Catholic Reformation or Counter Reformation

Answer 1

1. english split from church not look foavrable for Roman Catholicsm but revived and reformed papcy (gave church new strenthen) 2. reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings and practices rejecting principle of Protestant reformers

Question 2

REvival of the Old

Answer 2

1. revival and adjust features of medieveal Catholism (mysticism and monatisicm) 2. new mystism (tied to piety , saint teresa of avila) 3. regeneration of religious order 4. new religious orders

Question 3

revival of the old (regeneration of religious order)

Answer 3

benedictines and dominicans reform and renewed, caputchians (preaching gosepl directly) emerged

Question 4

saint teresa of avile

Answer 4

nun, mystical vision (resulted in joyful union of her soul with God), mystical experience lead to active life of service on behalf of faith

Question 5

revivl of old (new religious orders)

Answer 5

theactines (emphassis on reforming secular clergy, clergy fulfill duties, hosptials nad orphans) and Jesuits (nuns, schools for girls)

Question 6

society of Jesus

Answer 6

1. ignatuis of loyola, soceity of Jesus

Question 7

society of Jesus (ignatius of loyola)

Answer 7

experimnce tormet (like luther), but decided to submit his will o will of church, book = spiritual excerises (training manual for spirtiaul development, emphasisve exvcerises that humans could be strengthend and follow will of God through Catholci Church)

Question 8

soceity of jesus

Answer 8

grounded on principles of absolute obidence to papcy, strict heriarchy order, education to achieve goals, dedication to emerge in conflict for God, leader is general (nominate positions, head of order)

Question 9

activites of Jesuits

Answer 9

1. establish disciplined schools 2. spreading of Catholic faith among non-christians

Question 10

activites of jesuits (establish discipline schoosl)

Answer 10

borrowed from humanists, education is the combact advance of proestantism

Question 11

activies of jesuits (spreading of Catholic faith among non-christians)

Answer 11

francis xavier (went to east to convert people to christianity, spoke highly of Japanese, did not reach China) efforts in Japan were short lined, China was long lasting (matteo Ricci, draw parraells to christian and confucaisn and similiarities, impressed with Cthinese), fight Proestants (restroing Catholicsm to germany and eastern europe)

Question 12

REvived papcyac

Answer 12

1. pope Paul III 2. 1540s, 3. Cadinal Caraffa (Paul II, had liner)

Question 13

revived papcy (pope paul III)

Answer 13

continued REnaissance papal practices, aware of need for change (made advocate of reforms cardinals appoint reform comission to stay condiinal church, blaim corrupt popes, recognize Jesuits and summon council of trent)

Question 14

revived papcy (1540s)

Answer 14

at Regensburg Carindal Contarini, try to settle religious diviso peacefuleslly, (catholic moderates revealed compromise with Proestant moderates on a number of doctrinal issues), Contarini get to rome then caraffa and others accused him of selling out to heretics, conserative reformers dominate (carfaffa persuate Paul III to establish rome inquisition),

Question 15

revived papcy (cardinal Caraffa or Paul II) )

Answer 15

increase power of inquiistion, index of forbidden books (list of books Catholics are not allowd to read), Rome is toness rome (no compromise)

Question 16

council of trent

Answer 16

1. paul III called for general council of christdeom to resolve religious differences created by Proestant revolt) 2. final decree 3. after council of trent

Question 17

council of trent (paul III called for general council of christdeom to resolve religious differences created by Proestant revolt)

Answer 17

because of problesm (war and plague), they douln’t hold annual meetings, moderate Catholic reformes wanted defintion to be creared to encourage Proestants to come back, consveratives want uncompromising restatemtn of Catholic doctriensin opposition to proestants

Question 18

council of trent (final decree)

Answer 18

reaffirmed traditioanl Catholic teacings in opposition to protestnat beliefs, scripture and traidtion are equal authorities, faith and good works = salvation, 7 sacrmanets and clergial celigaby is upheld, theologicla seminaries in every diocese for training of priests

Question 19

council of trent (after council of trent)

Answer 19

roman catholci church is a clear body fo doctrinity and unfiied church under supremacy of popes, one christian group among many

Question 20

mannerism

Answer 20

2. REofmration revivl of religious values (politicla turmol)
3. (italy) world enthuism of rReanissance, anxiety, suffering, yearning for spirtiaul exiesitnece
4. attemtp to breakdown high REnaissance principle of balance, harmony, moderation
5. distrot propotion (elogation and suffering)
6. spread to italy and other parts of europe
7. el greco / theotocopolus

Question 21

el greco

Answer 21

cadccon, study in venice and rome, elongate and convinced figurs and contorted figures and unsual shades because he desired to crreate world of intnese emotion

Question 22

the baroque period

Answer 22

1. after mannerism
2. embraed by Cathlic reofmraiton
3. bring Classicla ideas with spirtiual feeligns
4. reflect search for power
5. dramatic effect to heighten emtoional intensity (peter Paul Reubens) , reubens, bermini gentileschi

Question 23

(the baroque period) reubens

Answer 23

figues and light and slow and pigments, express intese emtoions, restless forms and constant movement are a dynastic unity, landing of mrie de medici at marseilles

Question 24

(the baroque period) bernini

Answer 24

architect and scultpor, st. pter’s barcisilia, eccocey of st. teres 9mstical existience of spanish suuit, drpacery and epeirssion face are a real portrayl of physical delight)

Question 25

(the baroque period) gentlisimsni

Answer 25

A GIRL!!!!!!, portrai of picture of heroines from old testament, judith beheading holofernes