the consumer p3

Question 1

What is sustainable consumption?

Answer 1

-Using resources to meet current needs
-Ensuring future generations can also meet their needs

Question 2

What are the two main pillars of sustainable energy?

Answer 2

-Energy efficiency
-Renewable energy

Question 3

What are the main sources of electricity?

Answer 3

-Nuclear reactions
-Fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas)
-Natural sources (sun, wind, water)

Question 4

Why are fossil fuels considered non-renewable?

Answer 4

-Formed over millions of years
-Used up faster than they can be replaced

Question 5

What percentage of SA’s electricity comes from coal?

Answer 5

Over 90%

Question 6

Who generates most of SA’s electricity?

Answer 6

Eskom (about 95%)

Question 7

Give 2 advantages of fossil fuels.

Answer 7

-Reliable power supply
-Can produce large amounts of electricity in one place

Question 8

Give 3 disadvantages of fossil fuels.

Answer 8

-Air pollution (CO₂, toxic gases)
-Acid rain from sulphur dioxide
-Habitat destruction from mining

Question 9

What is solar energy?

Answer 9

Energy from the sun’s rays

Question 10

Give 3 advantages of solar power.

Answer 10

-Clean and pollution-free
-Available in remote areas
-Very low energy cost after installation

Question 11

Give 3 disadvantages of solar power.

Answer 11

-High initial cost
-Dependent on sunlight and climate
-Doesn’t work at nigh

Question 12

What is wind power?

Answer 12

Energy from wind converted by turbines

Question 13

Give 3 advantages of wind power

Answer 13

-Renewable and clean
-Land around turbines can be used for farming
-Good for remote areas

Question 14

Give 3 disadvantages of wind power.

Answer 14

-Wind is not always available
-Can be noisy and visually unattractive
-Can harm birds and bats

Question 15

What is hydropower?

Answer 15

Energy from falling water, usually stored in dams

Question 16

Give 3 disadvantages of wind power.

Answer 16

-Wind is not always available
-Can be noisy and visually unattractive
-Can harm birds and bats

Question 17

Give 2 advantages of hydropower.

Answer 17

-Cheap once the dam is built
-Reliable and quick to generate power

Question 19

Give 3 disadvantages of hydropower.

Answer 19

-Dam building is expensive
-Destroys habitats and affects ecosystems
-Few suitable sites in South Africa

Question 20

Give 3 advantages of biomass energy.

Answer 20

-Cheap and renewable
-Can reduce greenhouse gases
-Cheap and renewable

Question 21

What is bioenergy/biomass?

Answer 21

Energy from plant/animal material (like wood, dung, waste)

Question 22

Give 3 disadvantages of biomass energy.

Answer 22

-Can cause erosion and deforestation
-Needs lots of water
-Waste materials not always available

Question 23

Why should we use electricity responsibly?

Answer 23

-Fossil fuels pollute the air
-Helps reduce global warming and the greenhouse effect

Question 24

Give 3 ways to save electricity with lighting

Answer 24

-Turn off lights when not in use
-Use energy-saving bulbs (CFLs)
-Use sensors or timers for outdoor lights

Question 25

Give 2 ways to save energy when heating and cooling.

Answer 25

-Insulate ceilings -Wear warm clothes instead of using heaters

Question 26

Give 2 ways to save energy when heating and cooling.

Answer 26

-Insulate ceilings -Wear warm clothes instead of using heaters

Question 27

Give 3 general guidelines for appliance use

Answer 27

-Don’t buy oversized appliances -Use hand tools when possible -Don’t overfill kettles

Question 28

Give 2 tips to save electricity using a refrigerator.

Answer 28

-Keep door closed and seal intact -Let hot food cool before storing

Question 29

Give 2 tips for heating water efficiently.

Answer 29

-Set geyser to 60°C -Insulate geyser and pipes

Question 30

Give 2 tips for saving energy when washing clothes.

Answer 30

-Use cold water and full loads -Use front-loading machines

Question 31

Give 2 tips for saving energy when drying clothes.

Answer 31

-Use a clothesline -Fold clothes promptly to avoid ironing

Question 32

Give 2 tips for saving energy when cooking.

Answer 32

-Use pressure cookers -Switch off heat early and use remaining warmth

Question 33

What type of gas is used in SA households?

Answer 33

-Made from butane and propane -Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Question 34

Give 3 advantages of using gas in households

Answer 34

-Quick and efficient for cooking -Produces fewer emissions than coal -Works in areas without electricity

Question 35

Give 3 disadvantages of using gas in households.

Answer 35

-Expensive for low-income areas -High initial cost for appliances -Can be dangerous if not stored/used correctly