The eye

Question 1

Limbus

Answer 1

border between cornea and sclera lower lid margin

Question 2

Meibomian gland

Answer 2

lubricates the eyelid

Question 3

conjunctiva

Answer 3

protective membrane that covers the exposed part of the eye

Question 4

palpebral conjuctiva

Answer 4

lines the eyelid

Question 5

bublar conjunctiva

Answer 5

overlays the eyeball with the white sclera showing through

Question 6

lacrimal apparatus

Answer 6

contant irrigation

Question 7

EOMS are intervated by CN

Answer 7

3,4,5

Question 8

CN III (oculomotor)

Answer 8

Superior, inferior, medial rectus oblique muscles, and medial and inferior oblique muscles

Question 9

CN IV (trochlear)

Answer 9

Supervisor and oblique muscles

Question 10

CN VI (abducens)

Answer 10

Lateral rectus muscle (abducts eye)

Question 11

anterior chamber

Answer 11

contains the aqueous humor (pressure and refactory medium)

Question 12

Optic Disc

Answer 12

Retinal fibers converge to form the head of the optic nerve

Question 13

physiologic cup

Answer 13

yellow central depression (1/2 of disc)

Question 14

Fundus

Answer 14

internal surface of retina central background

Question 15

macula

Answer 15

temporal side, receives and transduces light, avacuscular and is the area of central vision

Question 16

floaters

Answer 16

common with myopia, presopia, and aging

Question 17

retinal detachment

Answer 17

sudden floaters, shade or cobwebs

Question 18

halos

Answer 18

acute narrow angle glaucoma

Question 19

scotomas

Answer 19

blind spots in visual fields, retinal tears

Question 20

night blindness

Answer 20

optic atrophy, glaucoma, vitamin A deficiency

Question 21

photophobia

Answer 21

intolerance to light

Question 22

strabismus

Answer 22

deviation of the axis of the eye, all the time or due to fatigue, muscular or neuro

Question 23

children with strabismus

Answer 23

affected eye does not conduct impulse, blindness due to non use

Question 24

amblyopia

Answer 24

muscles, non-supportive, eyes drift and vision decreases, eye is normal

Question 25

diplopia

Answer 25

double vision

Question 26

hemianopia

Answer 26

blindness in half the visual field due to CVA

Question 27

lacrimation

Answer 27

flow of tears

Question 28

epiphoria

Answer 28

excessive tearing (due to obstruction or irritants)

Question 29

myopia

Answer 29

nearsighted ``

Question 30

hyperopia

Answer 30

farsighted

Question 31

presbyopia

Answer 31

aging poor near vision

Question 32

astigmatism

Answer 32

unequal light refraction

Question 33

anisometropia

Answer 33

refractive error of both eyes

Question 34

hirshberg tests

Answer 34

corneal light reflex esotropia- inward exotropia- outward hypertropia- downward

Question 35

cover test

Answer 35

assess eyes individually

Question 36

nystagmus

Answer 36

fine osculating movement (extreme lateral normal), horizontal, vertical, rotational (if congenital- vision may be normal)

Question 37

blepharitis

Answer 37

scaling seborrhea

Question 38

ptosis

Answer 38

drooping upper lid

Question 39

periorbital edema

Answer 39

infection, renal failure, CHF, allergy, hypothyroid

Question 40

exophthalmos

Answer 40

protruding eyes, white sclera seen above and below the eye

Question 41

enophthalmos

Answer 41

sunken eye

Question 42

ectropian

Answer 42

lid rolls out

Question 43

entropian

Answer 43

lid rolls in

Question 44

sclera icterus

Answer 44

yellowing with jaundice

Question 45

macular degeneration

Answer 45

leads to blindness

Question 46

sclera blue

Answer 46

thinning due to aging

Question 47

puncta

Answer 47

redness, swelling, tender, due to a blocked tear duct

Question 48

anisocoria

Answer 48

5% nl solution with unequal pupils

Question 49

chalazion

Answer 49

meibomian infection, usually chronic

Question 50

keratoconjuctivitis sicca

Answer 50

dry eyes

Question 51

hyphema

Answer 51

trauma, blood pooling in the eye under the cornea

Question 52

xanthelasma

Answer 52

yellow plaquing in the eye associated with hyperlipademia

Question 53

subconjunctival hemorrhage

Answer 53

total red eye, no visual changes, coughing sneezing, reassurance, no tx, compresses

Question 54

pterygium

Answer 54

triangular opaque wing of bulbar conjuctiva grows toward cornea

Question 55

patients with systemic illnesses that affect vision need to see an ophthalmologist yearly

Answer 55

diabetes hypertension macular degeneration

Question 56

Ophthalmoscope

Answer 56

cup to disc ratio: