The Red Eye

Question 1

what is blepharitis

Answer 1

inflammed eye lids

Question 2

What are the two types of anterior blepharitis

Answer 2

seborrhoeic scales on lashes
staphlococcal
lid margin is redder than deep part

Question 3

What is posterior blepharitis and what does it look like

Answer 3

meibomian gland dysfunction
redness is in deeper part of lid
lid margin often looks normal

Question 4

what are the symptoms of blepharitis

Answer 4

gritty eyes
foreign body sensation
discharge
associated with conjunctivitis, kerititis and episcleritis

Question 5

What are the signs of seborroeic anterior blepharitis

Answer 5

lid margin red
scales\dandfruft
no ulceration and lashes unaffected

Question 6

what are the sings of staoh anterior blepharitis

Answer 6

lid margin red
distroted lashes
loss of lashes
ingrowing lashes 
styes
ulcers of lid
corneal staining
marginal ulcers

Question 7

what condition is posterior blepharitis associated

Answer 7

acne rosacea

Question 8

What are the signs of posterior blepharitis

Answer 8

lid margin skin and lashes unaffected
MG openings pouting and swollen
inspissated (dried) secetion at gland opening
meibomian cysts

Question 9

what is the treatment of blepharitis

Answer 9

lid hygeine
tear drop supplements
oral doxycycline for 2-3months

Question 10

what is important about the symptoms of conjunctivitis

Answer 10

vision is unaffected

Question 11

what are the signs of conjunctivitis

Answer 11

red eye- more towards the fornices
discharge- serous or mucopurlent
papillae or follicles
sub conj haemorrhage
chemosis
if viral may have raised pre auricular nodes

Question 12

what causes follicular conjunctivitis

Answer 12

viral
chlamydial
drugs eg propine, trusopt

Question 13

what causes central corneal ulcers

Answer 13

infective

Question 14

what causes peripheral corneal ulcers

Answer 14

autoimmune
rheumatoid arthritis
hypersensitivity
wegeners

Question 15

what are the symptoms of corneal ulcers

Answer 15

pain is needle like and severe
photophobia
profuse lacrimation
reduced vision
red eye- circumcorneal

Question 16

What are the signs of corneal ulcers

Answer 16

redness
corneal reflex is abnoral
corneal opacity
staining with fluorescien
hypopyon

Question 17

When can you get exposure keratitis

Answer 17

thyroid

VII palsy

Question 18

When do you get keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Answer 18

Sjogrens

Question 19

What infections give you neurotrophic keratitis

Answer 19

h zoster or V1

Question 20

What vit deficiency can give you corneal ulcer

Answer 20

vitamen A

Question 21

what is the treatment of corneal ulcers

Answer 21

swab to determine cause
ofloxacin hourly if bacterial
aciclovir ointment 5 times daily if viral
anti inflammatory if autoimmune

Question 22

give autoimmune causes of anterior uveitis

Answer 22

reiters
ulc colitis
ank spondylitis
sarcoidosis

Question 23

give infective causes of anterior uveitis

Answer 23

TB
syphilis
herpes simpex
herpes zoster

Question 24

What malignancy can cause anterior uveitis

Answer 24

leukemia

Question 25

what are the symptoms of anterior uveitis

Answer 25

pain vision reduced photophobia red eye circumcorneal

Question 26

What are the signs of anterior uveitis

Answer 26

``` ciliary injection cells and flare in anterior chamber keratic precipitates hypopyon synechiae- irregular pupil ```

Question 27

how do you manage anterior uveitis

Answer 27

topical steroids- prednisolone | mydriatics -cyclopentolate

Question 28

What is episcleritis associated with

Answer 28

gout

Question 29

what is scleritis associated with

Answer 29

rheumatoid wegners uveuitis commonly associated

Question 30

what is the treatment of scleritis

Answer 30

oral NSAIDs oral steroids steroid sparing agents

Question 31

What is the appearance of scleritis

Answer 31

injection of deep vascular plexus- violaceous hue

Question 32

how can you differentiate between episcelritis and scleritis

Answer 32

Scleritis may be differentiated from episcleritis by using phenylephrine or neosynephrine eye drops, which causes blanching of the blood vessels in episcleritis, but not in scleritis.

Question 33

what group of peolple is closed angle glaucoma more common in

Answer 33

elderly with hypermetroic thick glasses

Question 34

what are the signs and symptoms of acute closed angle glaucoma

Answer 34

``` severe pain nausea circumcorneal injection cornea cloudy pupil mid dilated eye stony hard ```