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History > The Roman Empire > Flashcards

The Roman Empire Flashcards

0
Q

When was Rome created?

A

753 BC

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1
Q

Who created Rome?

A

Romulus and Reemus

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2
Q

What landmark was Rome near?

A

Tiber River

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3
Q

What was used as protection?

A

7 hills

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4
Q

What 2 groups made up Rome?

A

Greek and Etruscans

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5
Q

What part did the Greeks take up?

A

Naples and Sicily

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6
Q

How did Rome rule at first?

A

Monarchy

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7
Q

How many kings were there?

A

5

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8
Q

How many were Etruscan?

A

4

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9
Q

Who was the 1st Etruscan King?

A

Romulus (753- 715 BC)

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10
Q

Who was the 2nd Etruscan King?

A

Noma Pompilius (715-673 BC)

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11
Q

Who was the 3rd Etruscan King?

A

Tullus Hostilius (673-641 BC)

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12
Q

Who was the 4th Etruscan King?

A

Ancus Marcus (641-616 BC)

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13
Q

Who was the 5th King?

A

Tarquin

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14
Q

What ended his reign?

A

He was overthrown by a revolt

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15
Q

Who led the revolt to overthrow Tarquin?

A

Lucius Junius Brutus

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16
Q

How many consuls were there?

A

2

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17
Q

What could the consuls do?

A

Call for dictators and had absolute command of army

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18
Q

What was Roman Upper-class citizen?

A

Patrician

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19
Q

What was a Roman Lower-class person?

A

Plebeians

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20
Q

Who was the “good dictator”?

A

Cincinnatus

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21
Q

When was Cincinnatus dictator?

A

458 BC

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22
Q

What was Cincinnatus before he was dictator?

A

Farmer

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23
Q

Who did Cincinnatus defeat as dictator?

A

Aequi

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24
Q

What did he do after defeating Aequi?

A

Went back to the farm

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25
Q

How long was it before Cincinnatus was called for dictator again?

A

20 years

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26
Q

How many people were in the Roman Senate?

A

300

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27
Q

What were the 12 Tables?

A

Laws

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28
Q

In 451 BC plebeians were given ____.

A

a voice

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29
Q

In 451, Patricians separated plebeians into what?

A

10 tribes

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30
Q

How many people represented each of the 10 tribes? What were they called?

A

1, tribune

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31
Q

What was a legion?

A

group of military soldiers

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32
Q

How many people were in a legion?

A

5,000

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33
Q

What kind of people made up legions?

A

Citizens

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34
Q

What class were officers and cavalry?

A

Upper class

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35
Q

What was a census used for?

A

Tax and military purposes

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36
Q

Who made the censuses?

A

Censors

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37
Q

What was a group of military soldiers made of 100 men?

A

Century

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38
Q

What was a member of a century called?

A

Centurion

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39
Q

What were the wars occurring in 264-146 BC?

A

Punic Wars

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40
Q

How many Punic wars were there?

A

3

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41
Q

Who fought the Punic Wars?

A

Rome vs. Carthage

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43
Q

Who was the leader of Carthage in the 1st Punic War?

A

Hamilcar Barca

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44
Q

What did Hamilcar Barca use in battle?

A

Cavalry and elephants

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45
Q

Where were the major fighting areas in the 1st Punic War?

A

Sicily and Africa

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46
Q

Who captured Sicily?

A

Rome

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47
Q

In the 2nd Punic War (218-210 BC), who led Carthage?

A

Hannibal

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48
Q

What did Hannibal try to do?

A

Invade Spain

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49
Q

Where in Spain did Hannibal try and invade?

A

Saguntum

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50
Q

What was Hannibal’s plan in the 2nd Punic War?

A

Cross Alps with elephants, 20,000 infantry and 6,000 cavalry

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51
Q

What was the major battle of the 2nd Punic War?

A

Cannae

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52
Q

who led the Romans in the battle of Cannae?

A

Consul Varro

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53
Q

What did consul Varro do?

A

Attack Carthage, fell in Hannibal’s trap

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54
Q

Who won the battle of Cannae?

A

Carthage

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55
Q

What was the next major battle of the 2nd Punic War?

A

Zama (202 BC)

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56
Q

Who lead the Romans in the battle of Zama?

A

Scipio Africanus

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57
Q

What did Scipio do?

A

Defeat Hannibal

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58
Q

How was hannibal defeated?

A

He surrendered

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59
Q

In the 3rd Punic War (149-146 BC), what happened at the battle of Carthage?

A

Rome annihilated Carthage

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60
Q

Who won the Punic Wars?

A

Rome

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61
Q

In Roman Life, who dominated?

A

Men

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62
Q

What kind of religion did Romans have?

A

Polytheistic

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63
Q

Who was the king of Roman Gods?

A

Jupiter

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64
Q

Who was Jupiter’s Wife?

A

Juna

65
Q

Who was the God of the sea?

A

Neptune

66
Q

Who was the God of War?

A

Mars

67
Q

Who were the first group of reformers?

A

Gracchus brothers

68
Q

Who were the Gracchus brothers?

A

Tiberius and Gaius

69
Q

Who fought the social wars?

A

Marius and Sulla

70
Q

What was Sulla?

A

Dictator

71
Q

Who lead the Slave Revolt?

A

Spartacus

72
Q

When and where was Julius Caesar born?

A

Rome, July 100 BC

73
Q

What type/class person was Caesar?

A

Patrician

74
Q

How old was Caesar when his dad died?

A

15

75
Q

Why did Caesar leave Rome?

A

his life was in danger from Sulla

76
Q

What did Caesar study?

A

Philosophy

77
Q

Where did Caesar study philosophy?

A

Rhodes

78
Q

What did Caesar have?

A

An army

79
Q

What did the pirates do to Caesar?

A

Captured him and held him for ransom

80
Q

In 69 BC Caesar was elected _____?

A

Questor

81
Q

In 62 BC Caesar was elected ____?

A

Praetor

82
Q

In 61 BC Caesar was elected ____?

A

Governor of Spain

83
Q

When was the First Triumvirate created?

A

60 BC

84
Q

Who made up the First Triumvirate?

A

Caesar, Crassus, Pompey

85
Q

Who emerged from the triumvirate?

A

Caesar

86
Q

Where were the Gallic Wars?

A

Gaul (France)

87
Q

Who Fights in the Gallic Wars?

A

Caesar and Crassus

88
Q

When does Crassus die?

A

53 BC

89
Q

Who had conflict after Gallic Wars?

A

Caesar and Pompey

90
Q

In 49 BC Who crossed the Rubicon River?

A

Caesar

91
Q

What happened when Caesar defied the Senate?

A

He went to civil war with Pompey

92
Q

Who won?

A

Caesar defeated Pompey and forces

93
Q

What did Caesar name himself?

A

Dictator for life

94
Q

Where was Caesar’s victory?

A

Zela

95
Q

“Veni, Vidi, Vici”

A

“I came, I saw, I conquered”

96
Q

Who was Cleopatra’s son?

A

Caesarion

97
Q

Who was he possibly related to?

A

Caesar

98
Q

What did Caesar end up doing?

A

Returning to Rome

99
Q

How many people did the Senate get up to?

A

900

100
Q

When was Caesar Assassinated?

A

44 BC

101
Q

Who were Caesar’s 2 enemies?

A

Brutus and Cassius

102
Q

What did Caesar say before he died?

A

“Et tu Brute?”

103
Q

How was Caesar killed?

A

He was stabbed in the back

104
Q

When did he die?

A

The ides of March (15)

105
Q

Where did Caesar die?

A

Rome

106
Q

When was the Second Triumvirate?

A

November 43 BC

107
Q

What made the Second Triumvirate legal?

A

Lex Titia

108
Q

Who was in the Second Triumvirate?

A

Mark Antony, Octavian, Lepidus

109
Q

Who was Octavian?

A

Caesar’s adopted nephew?

110
Q

Who emerged from the Second Triumvirate?

A

Octavian

111
Q

What were lacking in the Second Triumvirate?

A

Funds

112
Q

What were on Proscriptions?

A

Names of wanted people> Consequences were death, banishment, or taking of land

113
Q

Who was Cicero?

A

Scholar, writer, orator

114
Q

Why did Cicero try to flee?

A

He had a proscription

115
Q

What happened when he was captured?

A

He was executed

116
Q

Who was the target of the Battle of Philippi?

A

Brutus and Cassius

117
Q

Who was Antony allies with?

A

Octavian

118
Q

Who’s forces were defeated first?

A

Cassius

119
Q

What did Cassius do after defeat?

A

Committed Suicide

120
Q

How many legions did Brutus have?

A

4

121
Q

How was Brutus captured?

A

He was captured

122
Q

When Captured what did Brutus do?

A

Commit suicide

123
Q

What happened with Antony and Octavian?

A

They split

124
Q

What happened when Antony and Octavian split?

A

Forced a civil war

125
Q

What was offered in 40n BC?

A

Treat of Brunoissium

126
Q

Who offered Treaty?

A

Antony

127
Q

Who did Antony Marry?

A

Octavia

128
Q

Where was the Battle of Actium?

A

Greek Coast

129
Q

When was the Battle of Actium?

A

September 2, 31 BC

130
Q

What was a Harpax?

A

Harpoon kept on ships

131
Q

Why did Antony urge Cleopatra to flee to Egypt?

A

For safety

132
Q

What happened when Octavian defeated the combined forces?

A

He won the Battle of Actium

133
Q

In 30 BC, Antony was lead to believe what?

A

Cleopatra had killed herself

134
Q

What did Antony do after thinking Cleopatra was dead?

A

He killed himself

135
Q

Cleopatra was lead to believe what too?

A

That antony had killed himself

136
Q

What did Cleopatra do after Antony’s death?

A

She killed herself

137
Q

Octavian took the title of what?

A

Augustus

138
Q

When did he take the title of Augustus?

A

27BC

139
Q

What was now his?

A

The army and power

140
Q

What could Augustus do with his power?

A

Veto what he didn’t like

141
Q

When did Octavian/Augustus die?

A

14 AD

142
Q

Who did he select to rule?

A

Tiberius, Son of his wife Livia, and her first husband

143
Q

What was Pax Romana?

A

Period of peace in Rome

144
Q

How long was the Pax Romana?

A

27 BC-180 BC

145
Q

What were the Julian Kings?

A

Bad kings

146
Q

Who was the first Julian King?

A

Tiberius (14 AD- 37 AD)

147
Q

Who was the second Julian King?

A

Caligula (37 AD- 41 AD)

148
Q

Who was the third Julian King?

A

Claudius (41 AD- 54 AD)

149
Q

Who was the fourth Julian King?

A

Nero (54 AD- 68 AD)

150
Q

Who controlled emperors from 68 AD- 96 AD?

A

Army

151
Q

Who was the first good emperor?

A

Nerva (96 AD- 98 AD)

152
Q

Who was the second good emperor?

A

Trajan (98-117 AD)

153
Q

Who was the third good emperor?

A

Hadrian (117- 138 AD)

154
Q

Who was the fifth good emperor?

A

Antonis Pius (138- 161 AD)

155
Q

Who was the sixth and last good emperor?

A

Marcus Aurelius

156
Q

What was Marcus Aurelius?

A

Philosopher king who ruled with adopted brother

157
Q

Who was Marcus’ Son?

A

Commodus

158
Q

What were Marcus’ writings called?

A

Meditations

159
Q

How many balls does Dave have

A

3

History (11 decks)

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