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Pathophysiology > Theory Test #7 - May 25th > Flashcards

Theory Test #7 - May 25th Flashcards

1
Q 
Which term means red blood cells?
A) Phagocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Leukocytes
D) Erythrocytes
A

D) Erythrocytes

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2
Q 
Which of the following is a protective role of blood?
A) Maintaining normal pH in body tissues
B) Producing red and white blood cells
C) Removing carbon dioxide from tissues
D) Preventing blood loss and infection
A

D) Preventing blood loss and infection

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3
Q 
Which type of blood cell transports oxygen to body cells?
A) Phagocytes
B) Leukocytes
C) Thrombocytes
D) Erythrocytes
A

D) Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Which statement about body temperature and thermoregulation is FALSE?
A) Body temperature is maintained within a narrow range
B) Release of heat from the skin is mediated by vasoconstriction
C) The hypothalamus monitors blood temperature changes
D) Heat generated by muscles is stored in the blood

A

B) Release of heat from the skin is mediated by vasoconstriction

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5
Q 
The ability of blood to clot efficiently depends on the number of circulating \_\_\_\_\_\_
A) Lymphocytes
B) Red blood cells
C) White blood cells
D) Thrombocytes
A

D) Thrombocytes

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6
Q 
Which term is a condition in which there is inadequate blood clotting?
A) Hemophilia
B) Hypoxia
C) Polycythemia
D) Anemia
A

A) Hemophilia

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7
Q

Which statement about anemia is FALSE?
A) It is a condition due to low levels of circulating thrombocytes
B) Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia
C) Abnormal hemoglobin may be a cause of anemia
D) It is a symptom of various disorders

A

A) It is a condition due to low levels of circulating thrombocytes

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8
Q

Which statement about the recycling of materials that compose hemoglobin is FALSE?
A) Globin is broken down into amino acids
B) Iron is stored for future use in the liver
C) Heme is broken down to bilirubin and excreted
D) All components are broken down and recycled

A

D) All components are broken down and recycled

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9
Q 
Which term means a fast beating heart?
A) Tachycardia
B) Dyspnea
C) Cyanosis
D) Bradycardia
A

A) Tachycardia

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10
Q 
Which blood cell type is responsible for blood clotting?
A) Leukocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Red blood cells
D) Erythrocytes
A

B) Thrombocytes

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11
Q 
What is the phase in which a fibrin clot is formed?
A) Vascular spasm
B) Erythropoiesis
C) Platelet plug formation
D) Blood coagulation
A

D) Blood coagulation

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12
Q 
In which process are calcium ions essential?
A) Hematopoiesis
B) Erythropoiesis
C) Hemostasis
D) Fibrinolysis
A

C) Hemostasis

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13
Q 
Which statement about thrombi and emboli is FALSE?
A) Emboli travel in the blood
B) Both can block blood vessels
C) Thrombi are stationary clots
D) Both are easily dissolved
A

D) Both are easily dissolved

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14
Q 
Which disorder is characterized by abnormally low numbers of circulating thrombocytes?
A) Polycythemia
B) Sickle cell anemia
C) Hemophilia
D) Thrombocytopenia
A

D) Thrombocytopenia

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15
Q 
What is a major component of the 3rd line of defence?
A) Macrophages
B) Epidermis
C) Antibodies
D) Red blood cells
A

C) Antibodies

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16
Q 
The \_\_\_\_ is a lymphoid organ that cleanses blood by removing old red blood cells, platelets, bacteria, toxins and cellular debris
A) Spleen
B) Thymus
C) Tonsils
D) Liver
A

A) Spleen

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17
Q 
A group of substances involved in non-specific defence against viral infections describes which term?
A) Humoral
B) Antibodies
C) Antigens
D) Interferons
A

D) Interferons

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18
Q 
Which blood cells are responsible for clearing debris from the blood and interstitial spaces?
A) Leukocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Phagocytes
D) Erythrocytes
A

C) Phagocytes

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19
Q 
T-lymphocytes mature in the \_\_\_\_\_
A) Bone marrow
B) Thymus gland
C) Tonsils
D) Spleen
A

B) Thymus gland

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20
Q 
What is a function of B-lymphocytes?
A) Elimination of bacterial infection
B) Control of viral infections
C) Elimination of abnormal body cells
D) Delayed hypersensitivity reactions
A

A) Elimination of bacterial infection

21
Q 
Which immunoglobulin is associated with allergic reactions?
A) IgA
B) IgM
C) IgG
D) IgE
A

D) IgE

22
Q 
Which form of immunity is acquired through contact with a pathogen?
A) Active artificially acquired
B) Passive artificially acquired
C) Passive naturally acquired
D) Active naturally acquired
A

D) Active naturally acquired

23
Q 
Which condition is a disease that is NOT related to blood?
A) Anemia
B) Infectious mononucleosis
C) Hemophilia
D) Myasthenia gravis
A

D) Myasthenia gravis

24
Q

Which statement about the circulatory system is TRUE?
A) Brings substances directly into the body and removes substances from the body
B) Responsible for regulating and controlling changes in body temperature
C) Has an important role in maintaining Hemostasis and ensuring tissue health
D) Consists of a single network of vessels carrying blood to all parts of the body

A

C) Has an important role in maintaining Hemostasis and ensuring tissue health

25
Q

Which statement about capillaries is TRUE?
A) They are controlled by Somatic Innervation
B) They form an extensive vascular bed
C) They sustain a high blood pressure
D) They have thick, multilayered walls

A

B) They form an extensive vascular bed

26
Q 
What is NOT a type of blood capillary?
A) Interstitial
B) Fenestrated
C) Sinusoidal
D) Continuous
A

A) Interstitial

27
Q

Which statement about the lymphatic system is TRUE?
A) Lymphatic vessels carry fluid from tissues toward the heart
B) When hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial space rises, mini-valves close
C) Lymphatic capillaries are made up of many cell layers
D) The excess fluid and cellular debris end up in the heart

A

A) Lymphatic vessels carry fluid from tissues toward the heart

28
Q 
Which tunica is composed of endothelial cells forming a smooth lining that facilitates blood flow?
A) Media
B) Adventitia
C) Muscularis
D) Intima
A

D) Intima

29
Q

Valves in the large veins and the heart _____
A) Regulate changes in blood pressure
B) Push blood forward towards the heart
C) Protect the blood from invading viruses
D) Prevent The Back Flow of blood

A

D) Prevent the back flow of blood

30
Q 
Which blood vessel distributes oxygenated blood to the body?
A) Portal vein
B) Pulmonary artery
C) Aorta
D) Carotid artery
A

C) Aorta

31
Q 
Which hyperthermic condition involves generalized weakness due to prolonged physical activity in a hot environment?
A) Heat exhaustion
B) Heat cramps
C) Heat stroke
D) Heat syncope
A

A) Heat exhaustion

32
Q

Which statement about arteries and veins is TRUE?
A) Arteries have a larger lumen while veins have a narrower lumen
B) The tunica media of an artery is thicker than that of a vein
C) Arteries have valves to help prevent back flow while veins do not
D) Veins are a typically high pressure system while arteries are low

A

B) The tunica media of an artery is thicker than that of a vein

33
Q 
Which stage is unique to the action potential of cardiac muscle cells?
A) Depolarization
B) Plateau
C) Repolarization
D) Refractory period
A

B) Plateau

34
Q 
Diastole is the period in which the heart \_\_\_\_\_\_
A) Plateaus
B) Fibrillates
C) Contracts
D) Relaxes
A

D) Relaxes

35
Q

Which statement about the regulation of heart rate is TRUE?
A) The parasympathetic nervous increases the force and rate of heartbeat
B) The extrinsic mechanism sets the basic rate of heartbeat
C) The sympathetic nervous system increases the rate and force of heartbeat
D) Autonomic nervous system controls have little effect on heart rate

A

C) The sympathetic nervous system increases the rate and force of heartbeat

36
Q 
What is a common manifestation of fever?
A) Eruption of hives
B) Decreased respiration
C) Dehydration and fatigue
D) Decreased heart rate
A

C) Dehydration and fatigue

37
Q 
Which term represents irregular contractions of the myocardium?
A) Autorhythmicity
B) Tachycardia
C) Bradycardia
D) Fibrillations
A

D) Fibrillations

38
Q 
Which term is significant sweating that result in heat loss?
A) Insensible perspiration
B) Sensible evaporation
C) Insensible evaporation
D) Sensible perspiration
A

D) Sensible perspiration

39
Q

Which statement best describes stenosis?
A) An excess of blood flow through the heart
B) Enlargment of the opening of heart valves
C) Narrowing of the lumen of anatomical structures
D) Restricted blood flow in coronary arteries

A

C) Narrowing of the lumen of anatomical structures

40
Q 
What is not a common cause of anemia?
A) Inadequate vitamin B12
B) Bone marrow dysfunction
C) Excess iron in the diet
D) Abnormal hemoglobin molecules
A

C) Excess iron in the diet

41
Q

Which statement about blood flow is TRUE?
A) Vasodilation reduces the lumen of arteries and blood flow
B) Major factors affecting blood flow are blood pressure and peripheral resistance
C) Peripheral resistance measures the force exerted by blood on vessel walls
D) Vasoconstriction increases the lumen of arteries and blood flow

A

B) Major factors affecting blood flow are blood pressure and peripheral resistance

42
Q 
In which type of blood vessels is blood pressure the highest?
A) Capillaries
B) Vena cava
C) Aterioles
D) Elastic arteries
A

D) Elastic arteries

43
Q 
By definition, \_\_\_\_\_ pressure is the calculated difference between systolic and diastolic pressures?
A) Atrial
B) Pulse
C) Ventricular
D) Arterial
A

B) Pulse

44
Q 
Venous return is primarily facilitated by which mechanism?
A) Ventricular contraction
B) Two-way valves
C) Capillary sphincters
D) Skeletal muscle contraction
A

D) Skeletal muscle contraction

45
Q 
Which form of shock results from inadequate circulation and tissue perfusion due to extreme vasodilation?
A) Hypovolemic
B) Obstructive
C) Anaphylactic
D) Distributive
A

D) Distributive

46
Q

Which statement about hypertensive blood pressure readings is TRUE?
A) Hypertension is diagnosed by a single blood pressure reading
B) A blood pressure of 110mmHg / 70mmHg is considered hypertensive
C) Systolic pressure exceeding 140mmHg is considered hypertensive
D) A diastolic pressure of 80mmHg is considered hypertensive

A

C) Systolic pressure exceeding 140mmHg is considered hypertensive

47
Q 
Regulation of blood pressure occurs in which brain center?
A) Medulla oblongata
B) Diencephalon
C) Cerebral hemispheres
D) Midbrain
A

A) Medulla oblongata

48
Q 
Chronic elevation of blood pressure that appears to be idiopathic is known as \_\_\_\_\_ hypertension
A) Pulmonary
B) Secondary
C) Essential
D) Orthostatic
A

C) Essential

49
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a heat gain mechanism?
A) Superficial vasoconstriction
B) Shivering
C) Increased metabolism
D) Sweating
A

D) Sweating

Pathophysiology (13 decks)

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