Thoracic Cavity

Question 0

What do the lateral compartments contain?

Answer 0

Lungs and pleurae

Question 1

What are the three compartments of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 1

Two lateral compartments - pulmonary cavities

One central compartment - mediastinum

Question 2

What does the central compartment contain?

Answer 2

Heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, and lymph nodes

Question 3

What are the two membranes of the pleurae?

Answer 3

Visceral and parietal

Question 4

What does the visceral pleurae cover?

Answer 4

Lungs

Question 5

What does the parietal pleurae cover?

Answer 5

Pulmonary cavities

Question 6

What are the four parts of the parietal pleurae?

Answer 6

Costal part, mediastinal part, diaphragmatic part, and the cervical pleurae

Question 7

What is the pleural cavity?

Answer 7

The cavity between the visceral and parietal layer that contains serous fluid to help the layers of pleurae slide smoothly over each other during respiration

Question 8

What are the three parts of the lungs?

Answer 8

Apex, three surfaces, and three borders

Question 9

What are the three surfaces of each lung?

Answer 9

Costal, mediastinal, and diaphragmatic

Question 10

What are the three borders of each lung?

Answer 10

Anterior, inferior, and posterior

Question 11

What makes up the arrangement of the root of the lung?

Answer 11

Pulmonary artery, superior and inferior pulmonary veins, and the main bronchus

Question 12

What are the two main bronchus of the lungs and how do they run?

Answer 12

Right - vertical (wider and shorter)

Left - inferolaterally

Question 13

How many lobes do the right and left lungs have?

Answer 13

Right - 3

Left - 2

Question 14

Vasculature of the lungs

Answer 14

1 pulmonary artery and 2 pulmonary veins

Question 15

Pulmonary arteries

Answer 15

Carry de-oxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 16

Pulmonary veins

Answer 16

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

Question 17

Where are parasympathetic ganglion cells located?

Answer 17

Pulmonary plexuses and along the branches of the bronchial tree

Question 18

Where are sympathetic ganglion cells located?

Answer 18

Paravertebral sympathetic ganglia of the sympathetic trunks

Question 31

The esophagus is compressed by what three structures?

Answer 31

Aortic arch, left main bronchus, and diaphragm

Question 32

Bronchial artery of right lung

Answer 32

Comes from the superiorposterior intercostal artery, common trunk from thoracic aorta, and left superior bronchial artery

Question 33

Bronchial artery of left lung

Answer 33

Comes from the thoracic aorta

Question 40

What is the orientation of the main bronchus and pulmonary artery for the right lung?

Answer 40

Pulmonary artery is anterior to the main bronchus

Question 41

What is the orientation of the main bronchus and pulmonary artery for the left lung?

Answer 41

Pulmonary artery is anterior to the main bronchus

Question 42

What are the two divisions of the mediastinum?

Answer 42

Superior and inferior mediastinum

Question 43

What structures does the superior mediastinum contain?

Answer 43

SVC, brachiocephalic veins, arch of aorta, thoracic duct, trachea, esophagus, thymus, vagus nerves, left recurrent laryngeal nerve, and phrenic nerves

Question 45

What are the three divisions of the inferior mediastinum?

Answer 45

Anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinum

Question 46

What structures does the anterior mediastinum contain?

Answer 46

Thymus, lymph nodes, fat, and connective tissue

Question 47

What structures does the middle mediastinum contain?

Answer 47

Pericardium, heart, roots of the great vessels, arch of the azygos vein, and main bronchi

Question 48

What structures does the posterior mediastinum contain?

Answer 48

Esophagus, thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygous veins, thoracic duct, vagus nerves, sympathetic trunks, and splanchnic nerves

Question 49

What is the arterial supply of the pericardium?

Answer 49

Pericardiophrenic artery, (musculophrenic artery, bronchial, esophageal, and superior phrenic arteries, and coronary artery)

Question 50

What is the venous drainage of the pericardium?

Answer 50

Pericardiacophrenic vein and tributaries of the azygous venous system

Question 51

What is the nerve supply of the pericardium?

Answer 51

Phrenic nerve (C3-C5), vagus nerve (CN X), and sympathetic trunks

Question 52

Impressions on the surface of the left lung

Answer 52

Aortic impression, cardiac notch, cardiac surface, and costal cartilages

Question 53

Impressions on the surface of the right lung

Answer 53

Azygous impression, cardiac surface, and costal impressions

Question 54

What is the ligament located on the lung?

Answer 54

Pulmonary ligament

Question 55

What are the three parts of the diaphragm?

Answer 55

Sternal part, costal part, and lumbar part

Question 56

What are the three diaphragmatic apertures?

Answer 56

Caval opening (for the IVC), esophageal hiatus (for the esophagus), and aortic hiatus (for the aorta)

Question 57

What are the three branches of the arch of the aorta?

Answer 57

Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian