Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Flashcards
(12 cards)
0
Q
What is thrombosis
A
The process of a blood clot forming
1
Q
Formation
A
- damage to endothelium
- platelets come into contact with collagen
- platelets change shape and become spiky
- platelets stick together and form a plug
- chemical cascade triggered and platelets release thromboplastin
- thromboplastin converts prothrombin to thrombin
- thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin
- fibrin makes a net
- a blood clot forms
2
Q
Thromboplastin
A
Enzyme released by platelets and damaged tissue
3
Q
Prothrombin
A
Soluble plasma protein
4
Q
Thrombin
A
Enzyme that catalyses the conversion of fibrinogen
5
Q
Fibrin
A
Long insoluble protein strands made of fibrinogen
6
Q
Chemical cascade
A
A series of chemical events that are triggered by a single stimulus, resulting in a response
7
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
- endothelium becomes damaged
- inflammatory response
- white blood cells move to artery wall
- cholesterol accumulates with WBCs
- atheroma forms
- Calcium salts and fibrous tissue build up
- a plaque forms
- elasticity of the wall reduces
- artery becomes narrower and blood pressure rises
- endothelium is damaged
8
Q
What type of sequence is atherosclerosis
A
A positive feedback loop
9
Q
What can damage the endothelium?
A
- high blood pressure
* toxins eg. Tabacco
10
Q
What is an atheroma?
A
Deposit
11
Q
What is a plaque?
A
A hard swelling
