TISSUES Flashcards
(227 cards)
1
Q
Absorptive cell
A
A cell specialized for absorbing substances across its surface found in epithelia lining the digestive tract.
2
Q
Acinar gland
A
A gland with secretory units shaped like a flask or acinus releasing secretions into a duct.
3
Q
Adipocyte
A
A cell specialized for storing fat also called a fat cell.
4
Q
Adipose
A
Relating to or composed of fat.
5
Q
Adipose connective tissue
A
A type of loose connective tissue dominated by adipocytes that stores fat provides insulation and cushioning.
6
Q
Alveolar gland
A
A gland with secretory units shaped like small sacs or alveoli also called an acinar gland.
7
Q
Amorphous
A
Lacking a definite shape or form often describing the ground substance of connective tissue.
8
Q
Apical surface
A
The top or free surface of an epithelial cell or tissue facing a lumen body cavity or the outside environment.
9
Q
Apocrine gland
A
A gland that secretes by budding off portions of the cell cytoplasm e.g. mammary glands although sweat glands previously thought to be apocrine are primarily merocrine.
10
Q
Are epithelial cells innervated
A
Although some epithelia lack nerves most epithelial cells are innervated and provide valuable sensory input
11
Q
Areolar connective tissue
A
A type of loose connective tissue characterized by a gel-like matrix and scattered cells and fibers; it fills spaces between tissues and organs.
12
Q
Articular cartilage
A
Hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of bones in synovial joints reducing friction and absorbing shock.
13
Q
Ascites
A
Accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
14
Q
Avascular
A
Lacking blood vessels characteristic of epithelia and cartilage.
15
Q
Axon
A
The long projection of a neuron that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron’s cell body towards other neurons muscles or glands.
16
Q
Basal surface
A
The bottom surface of an epithelial cell or tissue that is attached to the basement membrane.
17
Q
Basement membrane
A
A thin fibrous extracellular matrix layer that separates epithelium mesenchymal tissue muscle and nerve tissue providing structural support and filtration.
18
Q
Blast
A
A precursor cell often actively dividing or producing extracellular matrix e.g. fibroblast chondroblast osteoblast involved in tissue formation.
19
Q
Blood
A
A fluid connective tissue consisting of plasma red blood cells white blood cells and platelets that circulates throughout the body delivering oxygen and nutrients and removing waste.
20
Q
Bone
A
A hard dense connective tissue that forms the skeleton providing structural support protection and mineral storage.
21
Q
Broad ligament
A
A fold of peritoneum that extends from the side of the uterus to the walls of the pelvis.
22
Q
Brown adipose tissue
A
A type of adipose tissue rich in mitochondria that generates heat through thermogenesis found in infants and hibernating mammals.
23
Q
Brush border
A
A dense covering of microvilli on the apical surface of some epithelial cells particularly in the small intestine and kidney tubules increasing surface area for absorption.
24
Q
Calcified
A
Hardened by the deposition of calcium salts.
25
Canaliculi
Small channels or canals particularly in bone tissue connecting lacunae and allowing communication between osteocytes.
26
Cardiac muscle
A type of striated muscle tissue found only in the heart responsible for pumping blood.
27
Cartilage
A resilient and flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body including joints ears and nose.
28
Chondroblast
A cell that produces the matrix of cartilage.
29
Chondrocyte
A mature cartilage cell located within a lacuna.
30
Chondroitin sulfate
A glycosaminoglycan that is a major component of cartilage bone skin and blood vessels providing structural support and elasticity.
31
Chondronectin
A protein that mediates the attachment of chondrocytes to the cartilage matrix.
32
Cilia
Short hair-like structures projecting from the surface of some eukaryotic cells often numerous and involved in movement of the cell or movement of substances across the cell surface.
33
Collagenous fiber
A fiber composed of collagen protein providing strength and support to connective tissues.
34
Compound gland
A gland whose duct system branches extensively.
35
Connective tissue
One of the four basic tissue types that supports connects or separates different types of tissues and organs in the body.
Extracellular fibers, ground substance, and cells
36
Connective tissue proper
Includes loose connective tissue e.g. areolar adipose and dense connective tissue e.g. tendons ligaments providing support elasticity and cushioning.
37
Connexon
A channel protein structure that forms a gap junction between adjacent cells allowing for direct communication.
38
Cuboidal cell
A cell that is cube-shaped.
39
Cuboidal epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of cuboidal cells often involved in secretion and absorption.
40
Cutaneous membrane
The skin covering the body surface composed of the epidermis and dermis.
41
Cyte
A suffix meaning cell often referring to a mature differentiated cell type e.g. osteocyte chondrocyte.
42
Dendrite
A branched protoplasmic extension of a nerve cell that propagates the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body or soma of the neuron from 1 which the dendrites project.
43
Dense fibrous connective tissue
Connective tissue with a high proportion of collagen fibers providing strength and resistance to pulling forces.
44
Dense irregular connective tissue
Dense connective tissue where collagen fibers are arranged randomly found in the dermis and organ capsules.
45
Dense regular connective tissue
Dense connective tissue where collagen fibers are arranged parallel to each other found in tendons and ligaments.
46
Dermis
The layer of skin below the epidermis composed of connective tissue nerves and blood vessels.
47
Describe a desmosome
Strong welded plaque that connects the plasma membranes of adjacent cells
## Footnote
The bond is a mechanical coupling formed by filaments that interlock with one another
48
Describe a gap junction
made of tubular channel proteins called connexons and extends from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of another
## Footnote
These transmembrane proteins allow the exchange and passage of ions and nutrients from one cell to another
49
Describe a hemidesmosome
junctions that look like half-desmosomes and link epithelial cells to the basement membrane
50
Describe a tight junction
A tight junction is like a seal between two neighboring cells.
It fuses their outer membranes together to create a barrier.
This barrier prevents substances from leaking through the space between the cells forcing them to pass through the cells instead.
## Footnote
They are important in places like the bladder or digestive tract to stop leaks.
51
Describe pseudostratified columnar epithelium
An epithelial layer that is not truly stratified
The epithelial cells appear to be stratified because the nuclei are found at different levels across the length of the tissue layer
In reality each cell forms a distinct attachment however subtle with the basement membrane forming a single layer
52
Describe simple columnar epithelium and where it is found
Simple columnar epithelium is a single layer of tall rectangular cells
It is found lining the length of the gastrointestinal tract from the stomach to the rectum
53
Describe simple cuboidal epithelium and where it is found
Simple cuboidal epithelium is a single layer of cube-shaped cells
It can be found on the surface of ovaries in the secretory portions of glands such as the thyroid and in the lining of the ducts of the liver pancreas kidney and salivary gland
54
Describe simple squamous epithelium and where it is found
Simple squamous epithelium is a single layer of flattened cells
It can be found in the inner lining of the lung and in the filtration membranes of kidneys
55
Describe stratified squamous epithelium and where it is found
Stratified squamous epithelium is composed of more than one layer of flattened cells
It is found lining the mouth esophagus vagina and rectum
56
Describe transitional epithelium and where it is found
Transitional epithelium is found in portions of the urinary tract where great changes in volume occur urinary bladder ureters urethra and calyxes of the kidney
57
Desmosome
A type of cell junction that provides strong adhesion between adjacent cells anchoring them together.
Desmosomes are found most commonly in tissues that undergo repeated episodes of tension and stretching such as the skin heart and uterus
58
Diapedesis
The passage of blood cells particularly white blood cells through the intact walls of the capillaries typically accompanying inflammation.
59
Do epithelial cells have blood vessels
All epithelial cells lack blood vessels or capillaries
They are avascular and rely on underlying connective tissue to provide oxygen and nutrients
60
Duct
A tube or channel that carries fluid or secretions from a gland or organ.
61
Edema
Swelling caused by the accumulation of excess fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissues.
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Effusion
An accumulation of fluid in a body cavity or joint.
63
Elastic cartilage
A type of cartilage containing elastic fibers found in the ear and epiglottis providing flexibility.
64
Elastic connective tissue
Connective tissue containing a high proportion of elastic fibers allowing it to stretch and recoil found in blood vessel walls and some ligaments.
65
Elastic fiber
A fiber composed of elastin protein allowing connective tissue to stretch and recoil.
66
Endocrine gland
A gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.
The pituitary gland in the brain and the adrenal gland near the kidney are examples of endocrine glands
67
Endocrine system
The system of glands that produce and secrete hormones regulating various body functions.
68
Endothelium
The epithelial tissue that lines the inside of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
69
Epidermis
The outermost layer of the skin composed of epithelial tissue.
70
Epithelial tissue
One of the four basic tissue types that covers body surfaces lines body cavities and forms glands.
71
Epithelialization
The process of covering a denuded surface with epithelium as in wound healing.
72
Erythrocyte
A red blood cell responsible for transporting oxygen.
73
Excretion
The process of eliminating waste products from the body.
74
Excretory duct
A duct that carries waste products or secretions out of a gland or organ.
75
Exocrine gland
A gland that secretes substances through a duct onto an epithelial surface or into a body cavity.
Hepatoid musk sweat and salivary glands
Exocrine glands in the liver secrete bile
76
Extracellular fiber
Protein fibers like collagen elastic and reticular fibers found outside of cells in the extracellular matrix.
77
Extracellular matrix
The non-cellular component of tissues that provides structural support and biochemical cues to cells composed of fibers and ground substance.
78
Exudate
Fluid that filters from the circulatory system into areas of inflammation.
79
Fascia
A band or sheet of connective tissue primarily collagen beneath the skin that attaches stabilizes encloses and separates muscles and other internal organs. 2
80
Fibrin
A protein that forms a meshwork during blood clotting.
81
Fibrinogen
A soluble protein in plasma that is converted to insoluble fibrin during blood clotting.
82
Fibroblast
A cell in connective tissue that produces collagen and other fibers.
83
Fibrocartilage
A type of cartilage containing dense bundles of collagen fibers found in intervertebral discs and menisci providing strength and shock absorption.
84
Fibrocyte
A mature fibroblast that maintains the connective tissue matrix.
85
Fibrous adhesion
Abnormal bands of scar tissue that form between organs or tissues binding them together.
86
First-intention healing
Healing of a clean wound with minimal tissue loss and edges that are close together resulting in a fine scar.
87
Fixed cell
A cell that remains in a particular tissue e.g. fibroblast macrophage in connective tissue.
88
Gap junction
A type of cell junction that forms a channel between adjacent cells allowing for direct passage of ions and small molecules.
Gap junctions are most commonly found in intestinal epithelial cells the heart and smooth muscle tissue
89
Glandular epithelium
Epithelial tissue that forms glands specialized for secretion.
90
Glycosaminoglycan
A long unbranched polysaccharide chain that is a major component of the extracellular matrix contributing to its gel-like consistency.
are the ground substance in soft connective tissue
91
Goblet cell
A column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts that secretes mucus.
Goblet cells secrete mucin which combined with water becomes mucus
92
Granulation tissue
New connective tissue and tiny blood vessels that form on the surface of a wound during the healing process. 3
93
Gristle
Another term for cartilage.
94
Gross anatomy
The study of anatomical structures that can be seen with the naked eye.
95
Ground substance
The amorphous gel-like component of the extracellular matrix that fills the space between cells and fibers.
96
Haversian canal
A channel in the center of a Haversian system (osteon) in bone containing blood vessels and nerves.
97
Hemidesmosome
A type of cell junction that anchors epithelial cells to the basement membrane.
98
Hemorrhaging
The excessive discharge of blood from blood vessels bleeding.
99
Hemothorax
The accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity space between the chest wall and lungs.
100
Heparin
An anticoagulant substance found in mast cells and basophils that prevents blood clotting.
101
Hibernate
To pass the winter in a dormant state with reduced body temperature and metabolic rate.
102
Hibernating gland
An outdated term for brown adipose tissue.
103
Histamine
A compound released by cells in response to injury or allergic reaction causing dilation of blood vessels and contraction of smooth muscle.
104
Histiocyte
A macrophage in connective tissue.
105
Histology
The study of the microscopic structure of tissues.
106
Holocrine gland
A gland in which the entire secretory cell is shed/destroyed with the secretion e.g. sebaceous glands.
107
Homogeneous
Uniform throughout.
108
Hormone
A chemical messenger produced by endocrine glands that travels through the bloodstream to target cells or organs.
109
How are epithelial cells connected to neighboring cells
Epithelial cells have lateral surfaces that are connected to neighboring cells by junctional complexes.
These junctions bring the cells into close apposition to one another leaving little room for extracellular matrix
110
How are epithelial tissues classified by the number of layers
If there is only a single layer of epithelial cells the tissue is classified as simple
If there is more than one layer of cells the tissue is called stratified
111
How do epithelial cells receive oxygen and nutrients
Oxygen and nutrient molecules are supplied to the epithelial cells by diffusing through the basement membrane from capillaries in the underlying connective tissue
112
Hyaline cartilage
The most common type of cartilage found in joints the nose trachea and larynx providing smooth surfaces for movement.
113
Hyaluronic acid
A large glycosaminoglycan found in connective tissue synovial fluid and the vitreous humor of the eye providing lubrication and shock absorption.
114
Hyaluronidase
An enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid.
115
Immunoglobulin
An antibody a protein produced by plasma cells in response to an antigen.
116
Infection
The invasion of a host organism's tissues by disease-causing agents their multiplication and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. 4
117
Inflammatory process
A complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli such as pathogens damaged cells or irritants.
118
Innervated
Supplied with nerves.
119
Integument
The skin and its appendages e.g. hair nails glands the outer covering of the body.
120
Intermediate filament
A diverse group of cytoskeletal elements that are intermediate in size between microfilaments and microtubules providing mechanical support and maintaining cell shape.
121
Junctional complex
A structure formed by a tight junction adherens junction and desmosome that seals the space between epithelial cells and provides strong adhesion.
122
Keratin
A tough fibrous protein found in hair nails and the epidermis providing structural strength.
123
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium found in the epidermis of the skin that is hardened by the deposition of keratin providing a protective barrier.
124
Kupffer cell
A macrophage found in the liver sinusoids that removes foreign substances and damaged cells from the blood.
125
Lacunae
Small cavities or spaces in tissue particularly in bone and cartilage where cells e.g. osteocytes chondrocytes are located.
126
Lamina propria
The connective tissue layer underlying the epithelium of a mucous membrane.
127
Leukocyte
A white blood cell involved in the immune response.
128
List the functions of epithelial cells
1 protect, cover, and line other tissues
2 filter biochemical substances
3 absorb nutrients
4 provide sensory input
5 manufacture secretions + excretions
6 act as an interface layer that separates and defines the beginning and ending of different types of tissues
129
Loose connective tissue
Connective tissue with fewer fibers and more ground substance than dense connective tissue providing support and flexibility.
130
Lumen
The inside space of a tubular structure such as a blood vessel or intestine.
131
Macrophage
A large phagocytic cell found in connective tissue and various organs that engulfs foreign particles and cellular debris.
132
Mast cell
A cell found in connective tissue that releases histamine and other mediators involved in inflammation and allergic reactions.
133
Merocrine gland
A gland that secretes substances via exocytosis without damage to the cell e.g. sweat glands salivary glands.
134
Mesoderm
One of the three primary germ layers in embryonic development that gives rise to connective tissue muscle bone blood and the circulatory and lymphatic systems.
135
Mesothelium
The simple squamous epithelium that lines the body cavities and covers the surface of organs within those cavities e.g. pleura pericardium peritoneum.
136
Microanatomy
The study of the microscopic structure of tissues and organs histology.
137
Microbe
A microorganism particularly a bacterium virus or fungus.
138
Microglial cell
A type of glial cell in the central nervous system that acts as a macrophage removing debris and pathogens.
139
Microvilli
Small finger-like projections on the apical surface of epithelial cells that increase surface area for absorption.
140
Mixed exocrine gland
A gland that contains both serous and mucous secretory units.
141
Mucin
A glycoprotein component of mucus that makes it slippery and protective.
142
Mucosae
Plural of mucosa mucous membrane.
143
Mucous membrane
A membrane that lines cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body e.g. digestive respiratory urinary and reproductive tracts composed of epithelium and underlying lamina propria and often a muscularis mucosae.
144
Mucous secretion
A thick viscous secretion containing mucin that lubricates and protects surfaces.
145
Muscle tissue
One of the four basic tissue types specialized for contraction.
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Myoepithelial cell
Cells found in some glands that surround the secretory units and ducts contracting to help expel secretions.
147
Nephrosis
A non-inflammatory disease of the kidneys characterized by damage to the renal tubules.
148
Nervous tissue
One of the four basic tissue types specialized for communication via electrical and chemical signals composed of neurons and neuroglia.
149
Neuroglial cell
Supportive cells in the nervous system that surround and protect neurons also called glial cells.
150
Neuron
A nerve cell the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system specialized for transmitting electrical and chemical signals.
151
Neutrophil
The most abundant type of white blood cell a phagocyte that is a first responder to bacterial infection.
152
Nonstriated involuntary muscle
Muscle tissue that lacks striations and is not under conscious control found in the walls of internal organs.
153
Omentum
A fold of peritoneum extending from the stomach to adjacent organs.
154
Osteoblast
A cell that secretes the matrix for bone formation.
155
Osteoclast
A large multinucleate cell that absorbs bone tissue during growth and healing.
156
Osteocyte
A mature bone cell residing in a lacuna that maintains bone tissue.
157
Oviduct
A tube that carries an egg from the ovary to the uterus also called the fallopian tube or uterine tube.
158
Paralyzed
Unable to move due to nerve damage or muscle dysfunction.
159
Paramecium
A genus of single-celled freshwater protozoa often studied as a model organism.
160
Paretic
Affected with partial paralysis.
161
Parietal layer
The outer layer of a serous membrane that lines a body cavity.
162
Pathogen
A bacterium virus or other microorganism that can cause disease.
163
Pericardial fluid
The fluid found in the pericardial cavity space around the heart that lubricates the membranes.
164
Perichondrium
A layer of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds most cartilage providing nutrients and support.
165
Perikaryon
The cell body of a neuron containing the nucleus.
166
Peristalsis
The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or other canal creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
167
Peritoneal fluid
The fluid found in the peritoneal cavity space within the abdomen that lubricates the membranes.
168
Peritoneum
The serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs.
169
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum typically caused by bacterial infection.
170
Phagocytize
To engulf and ingest foreign particles cells or debris by phagocytosis.
171
Pitting edema
Edema that retains an indentation when pressure is applied indicating excess fluid in the interstitial space.
172
Plaque
A deposit of fatty material in the arteries or a biofilm on teeth.
173
Plasma
The liquid matrix of blood in which blood cells are suspended.
174
Platelet
A small irregular shaped cell fragment in blood that is involved in clotting also called a thrombocyte.
175
Pleural fluid
The fluid found in the pleural cavity space around the lungs that lubricates the membranes.
176
Polar
Having opposite charges or characteristics at different ends or surfaces.
177
Proteoglycan
A molecule consisting of a protein core with attached glycosaminoglycans a major component of the extracellular matrix providing hydration and resilience.
178
Proud flesh
Excessive granulation tissue that forms during wound healing preventing epithelialization.
179
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium and where its found
Epithelial tissue that appears stratified but all cells are attached to the basement membrane with nuclei at different levels giving a layered appearance often ciliated and involved in secretion or absorption.
Found in the respiratory tract and in portions of the male reproductive tract
180
Reproductive system
The system of organs involved in producing offspring.
181
Reticular cell
A type of fibroblast that produces reticular fibers found in lymphoid organs and bone marrow.
182
Reticular connective tissue
A type of loose connective tissue characterized by a network of reticular fibers providing structural support for lymphoid organs and bone marrow.
183
Reticular fiber
A thin branching fiber composed of collagen type III that forms a delicate network providing support to soft tissues and organs.
184
Sebaceous gland
A small gland in the skin that secretes an oily matter (sebum) into the hair follicles.
185
Second-intention healing
Healing of a wound with significant tissue loss or infection where edges are not approximated resulting in granulation tissue formation contraction and a larger scar.
186
Secretion
The process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell or gland or the substance itself.
187
Secretory unit
The portion of a gland that produces and secretes substances.
188
Serosae
Plural of serosa a serous membrane.
189
Serous membrane
A membrane lining body cavities or covering organs composed of epithelium and underlying connective tissue that secretes serous fluid for lubrication e.g. pleura pericardium peritoneum.
190
Serous secretion
A watery protein-rich secretion produced by serous glands.
191
Simple ciliated columnar epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium with cilia on the apical surface found in the respiratory tract and uterine tubes involved in movement of mucus or eggs.
192
Simple columnar epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of tall column-shaped cells often involved in absorption and secretion found in the lining of the digestive tract.
193
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of cube-shaped cells often involved in secretion and absorption found in kidney tubules and glands.
194
Simple epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of cells.
195
Simple gland
A gland that has a single unbranched duct.
196
Simple squamous epithelia
Plural of simple squamous epithelium epithelial tissue composed of a single layer of flat thin cells involved in diffusion and filtration found in air sacs of lungs and lining of blood vessels.
197
Skeletal muscle
A type of striated muscle tissue attached to bones responsible for voluntary movement.
198
Smooth muscle
Nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels responsible for involuntary contractions.
199
Specialized connective tissue
Includes cartilage bone blood and adipose tissue which have specialized functions.
200
Squamous cell
A flat thin cell.
201
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of two or more layers of cuboidal cells relatively rare found in ducts of some glands.
202
Stratified epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of multiple layers of cells.
203
Stratified squamous epithelium
Epithelial tissue composed of multiple layers of squamous cells providing protection found in the skin mouth and esophagus.
204
Striated muscle
Muscle tissue that appears striped or striated under a microscope due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments includes skeletal and cardiac muscle.
205
Stroma
The supportive tissue of an organ or gland typically connective tissue as opposed to the functional tissue parenchyma.
206
Submucosa
The layer of connective tissue beneath the mucosa of a mucous membrane.
207
Synovial membrane
The membrane lining the cavity of a synovial joint that secretes synovial fluid for lubrication.
208
Thrombocyte
A platelet a cell fragment in blood involved in clotting.
209
Thyroxine
A hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism.
210
Tight junction
A type of cell junction that seals the space between adjacent epithelial cells preventing the passage of substances between them.
211
Tissue
A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.
212
Tonofilament
A type of intermediate filament made of keratin found in epithelial cells providing structural support and anchoring desmosomes and hemidesmosomes.
213
Transitional epithelium
Stratified epithelium found in the urinary tract that can stretch and change shape.
214
Transudate
A fluid that passes through a membrane due to hydrostatic or osmotic pressure rather than inflammation typically low in protein.
215
Tubular gland
A gland with secretory units shaped like tubes.
216
Tubuloacinar
A type of gland with secretory units that are both tubular and acinar flask-shaped.
217
Tubuloalveolar
Another term for tubuloacinar gland.
218
Unicellular exocrine gland
An exocrine gland consisting of a single cell e.g. goblet cell.
219
Vascularized
Having blood vessels.
220
Visceral layer
The inner layer of a serous membrane that covers an organ.
221
Voluntary muscle
Muscle tissue that is under conscious control typically skeletal muscle.
222
What are the four major tissue types
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous
223
What are the three basic shapes of epithelial cells
Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar
224
What does it mean that epithelial cells are polar
Epithelial cells have a sense of direction relative to surrounding structures. (Polar)
Each epithelial cell has an apical surface and a basal surface which are quite different from each other.
The apical surface is the side of the cell that faces the lumen or body cavity and the basal surface is the side of the cell that faces the underlying connective tissue
225
Histology
Histology is the study of the microscopic structures of tissues and organs
226
What is the function of cilia
Ciliary movement occurs in coordinated beats that enable the efficient transport of material
Cilia are found on the free surfaces of cells usually in the respiratory and urogenital tracts
227
What is the function of microvilli
Microvilli increase the surface area of cells and allow more absorption and secretion
They are found on epithelial cells in the intestines and urinary tract
