TOPIC 2 - COMPARATIVE OSTEOLOGY Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
In horse, the rostral half of the skull is formed by what bone?
A
Frontal bone
2
Q
In horse, is there a presence of upper incisor?
A
Yes
3
Q
Horse has complete bony orbit. True or False?
A
True
4
Q
This animal’s skull has presence of pointed and slender nasal bone.
A
Horse
5
Q
This animal’s skull has absence of upper incisors.
A
Sheep
Goat
Cattle
6
Q
This animal’s skull frontal bone forms the entire calvaria or roof of skull.
A
Ox/Cattle
7
Q
This animal’s skull has broader rostral end of nasal bone.
A
Ox/Cattle
8
Q
Cattle has incomplete bony orbit. True or False?
A
False
9
Q
Other term for horn
A
Cornual process
10
Q
This animal’s skull has presence of deeply concaved maxilla.
A
Pig
11
Q
This animal’s skull has presence of concave surface or outline extending from the frontal up to the nasal bone.
A
Pig
12
Q
Horse, cattle, and pig has complete bony orbit. True or False?
A
False, pig has incomplete bony orbit.
13
Q
This animal’s skull has presence of convex maxillary surface.
A
Sheep
14
Q
Sheep has complete bony orbit. True or False?
A
True
15
Q
Sheep, cattle, goat, and giraffe have dental pads. True or False?
A
True
16
Q
This animal’s skull has presence of elongated nasal bone and maxilla.
A
Dog
17
Q
This animal’s skull has narrow cranial vault or calvaria of the skull.
A
Dog
18
Q
Dog has incomplete bony orbit. True or False?
A
True
19
Q
This animal’s skull has shorter nasal bone and maxilla.
A
Cat
20
Q
This animal’s skull has broader calvaria or cranial vault.
A
Cat
21
Q
Cranial vault in cat and dogs are formed by what bones?
A
Parietal and frontal bones.
22
Q
Same as pig, dog, and giraffe, cat has incomplete bony orbit. True or False.
A
False, giraffe has complete bony orbit.
23
Q
Give the vertebral formula of horse.
A
C7 - T18 - L6 - S5 - CD15-20
24
Q
Give the vertebral formula of ox/cattle.
A
C7 - T13 - L6 - S5 - CD18-20
25
Give the vertebral formula of sheep.
C7 - T13 - L6-7 - S4 - CD16-18
26
Give the vertebral formula of pig.
C7 - T14-15 - L6-7 - S4 - CD20-23
27
Give the vertebral formula of goat.
C7 - T13 - L7 - S4 - CD12
28
Give the vertebral formula of dog.
C7 - T13 - L7 - S3 - CD20-23
29
Give the vertebral formula of cat.
C7 - T13 - L7 - S3 - CD20-23
30
Give the vertebral formula of chicken.
C14 - T7 - LSV14 - CD6
31
The 6 caudal vertebra of chicken is also called as?
Pygostyle
32
Lumbo-sacral mass is composed of how many vertebrae?
16
33
In lumbo-sacral mass of chicken, what vertebra is/are fused to it?
Last thoracic
First caudal vertebra
34
What are the two extremities of ribs?
1. Sternal
2. Vertebral
35
The vertebral extremity of ribs presents the ___, ___, and ___.
Head, neck, and tubercle.
36
As a rule, there is always one more pair of sternal ribs than there are in ___.
Sternebrae (sternal segments)
37
The ___ of a rib articulates with body of vertebrae of same serial number and that of the one in front.
Head
38
Give the rib pairs, sternal, asternal, and sternebrae of horse.
R18 - S8 - AS10 - SN7
38
The tubercle of a rib articulates with the ___ ___ of the vertebra of the same serial number.
Transverse process
39
Give the rib pairs, sternal, asternal, and sternebrae of ox/cattle.
R13 - S8 - A5 - SN7
40
Give the rib pairs, sternal, asternal, and sternebrae of sheep.
R13 - S8 - A5 - SN7
41
Give the rib pairs, sternal, asternal, and sternebrae of pig.
R14 - S7 - A7 - SN6
42
Give the rib pairs, sternal, asternall, and sternebrae of dog.
R13 - S9 - A4 - SN8
43
Ribs is an aberrant (abnormal) long bone with form the lateral wall of ___; it articulates dorsally with ____ ____; ventrally with ____.
thorax, thoracic vertebra, sternum
44
This animal has ribs that are narrow shaft and strongly curved in dorsal third.
Horse
45
This animal's ribs are wide, flat shaft, and log neck.
Ox/Cattle
46
This animal's ribs has narrow shaft with distinct angle.
Pig
47
This animal's ribs has cylindrical shaft.
Dog
48
This animal's scapula's spine fades out distally and has trapezius tubercle.
Horse
49
This animal's scapula has spine that extends to dorsal border and distinctly triangular.
Cattle/ox/sheep
50
This animal's scapula has prominent trapezius tubercle that overhangs to infraspinous fossa.
Pig
51
This animal's scapula has spine that bisects laterally and has distinct acromion.
Dog
52
Other term for humerus
Clod bone
53
In determining the side and proximity of scapula, spine is ____ and tuber scapulae are ____.
Lateral, anterior
54
In determining the side and proximity of humerus, crest is ____ and head is ____.
Lateral, posterior
55
The humerus of this animal has bicipital groove opposite the humeral head and is divided by a ridge.
Horse
56
The humerus of this animal has massive lateral tuberosity which overhangs bicipital groove.
Ox/cattle
57
The humerus of this animal has lateral tuberosity that almost converts bicipital groove into foramen.
Pig
58
The humerus of this animal has single lateral tuberosity and at distal end.
Dog
59
The humerus of this animal has supratrochlear foramen in which the coracoid and olecranon fossa communicate through.
Dog
60
Radius and ulna are two long bones forming the skeleton of ____.
Forearm
61
The ulna of this animal is fused 2/3 of the way down of the shaft of the radius.
Horse
62
The ulna of this animal is complete and projects or extends distally up to the end of the radius.
Ox/cattle
63
The ulna of this animal is extremely slender and not necessarily fused with radius.
Sheep
64
The ulna of this animal is massive and articulates with radius and ulnar carpal.
Pig
65
The ulna of this dog is never fused and has 3 distinct prominences at proximal end.
Dog
66
The 3 distinct prominences of the ulna in dog is called as?
Trituberculate summit
67
The left and right forms the pelvic girdle but "bony pelvis" is made up of ____, ____, _____, _____, and _____.
Pelvic girdle, sacrum, 1st and 2nd c.d vertebrae.
68
Os coxae is the 2 sides of pelvic girdle. True or False?
False, os coxae occupies 1 side only.
69
The pelvic girdle of this animal has gluteal line in the wing of ilium.
Horse
70
The pelvic girdle of this animal has 3 distinct prominences on sciatic tuber.
Ox/cattle
71
The pelvic girdle of this animal has wide obturator foramen and sharp medial border.
Ox/cattle
72
The pelvic girdle of this animal is same with ox, but smaller and slender.
Sheep
73
The pelvic girdle of this animal has wing of ilium divided into 2 fossae by distinct gluteal line.
Pig
74
The pelvic girdle of this animal has wing of ilium distinctly concave.
Dog
75
It forms the bone of thigh.
Femur
76
Femur articulates proximally with ___ and distally with ___ and ___.
Os coxae, tibia and fibula
77
In determining the side and proximity of femur, head is ____ and trochlea is ____ and ____.
Medial, distal and anterior
78
The femur of this animal has presence of 3 trochanters.
Horse
79
The femur of this animal has less prominent trochanters.
Ox
80
The femur of this animal is the same with ox, but smaller and slender.
Sheep
81
The femur of this animal is characteristically smaller than horse and ox but has massive shaft.
Pig
82
The femur of this animal has size and outline that are similar to sheep but more slender.
Dog
83
Fibula is also called as ?
Brooch bone
84
Only the head and shaft of fibula is well-developed in this animal.
Horse
85
The fibula of this animal is complete and marked by presence of lateral malleolus.
Ox
86
In this animal, the tibial crest is long and distinct.
Pig
87
In this animal, the tibial crest is prominent and marked with impression.
Dog
88
Other term for radial carpal
Scaphoid
89
Other term for ulnar carpal
Triquetrum
90
Other term for accessory carpal
Pisiforme
91
Other term for carpal 1
Trapezium
92
Other term for carpal 2
Trapezoideum
93
Other term for carpal 3
Os capitatum
94
Other term for carpal 4
Os hamatum
95
Other term for tibial tarsal
Talus
96
Other term for fibular tarsal
Calcaneus
97
Other term for central tarsal
Navicular
98
Other term for tarsal 1
Os cuneiform mediale
99
Other term for tarsal 2
Os cuneiform intermedium
100
Other term for tarsal 3
Os cuneiform laterale
101
Other term for tarsal 4
Os cuboideum
102
This animal's skull has presence of 2 big anterior nares or nostrils.
Chicken
103
At the junction of mandible and skull of chicken, there is a presence of ____.
Quadrate bone
104
It is a square-shaped bone that allows extensive opening of mouth in chicken and birds.
Quadrate bone
